Chapter 5 Alternative Flashcards
Anxiety
A feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease, typically about an impending event or something with an uncertain outcome.
Autonomic
Part of the nervous system that controls involuntary bodily functions, such as heart rate and digestion, involved in stress responses.
Adrenal-cortical system
A hormonal system involved in the stress response, releasing cortisol and other stress hormones.
Panic attacks
Sudden episodes of intense fear or discomfort, often with physical symptoms like rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, or dizziness.
Panic disorder
An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks and fear of future attacks.
Prepared classical conditioning
The concept that people are biologically prepared to learn certain fears (e.g., of snakes) more easily.
Obsessions
Persistent, intrusive thoughts or impulses that cause anxiety and distress.
Compulsions
Repetitive behaviors or mental acts that an individual feels driven to perform to reduce anxiety from obsessions.
OCD
A mental disorder where individuals experience recurring, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions).
Locus Coeruleus
A brain region involved in physiological responses to stress and panic, playing a role in anxiety and panic disorders.
Anxiety sensitivity
A tendency to interpret physical anxiety symptoms as signs of danger, contributing to panic and anxiety disorders.
Interoceptive awareness
Awareness of internal bodily sensations, which can be heightened in anxiety disorders.
Interoceptive conditioning
Associating internal sensations (like a racing heart) with panic or fear, which can lead to anxiety or panic attacks.
Conditioned avoidance response
A behavior learned to avoid a feared object or situation, which can reinforce anxiety.
Separation anxiety disorder
Excessive anxiety concerning separation from home or attachment figures, often in children but can also occur in adults.
Behavioural inhibition
A temperament where individuals show fear or restraint in unfamiliar situations, often linked to anxiety disorders.
GAD
An anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, uncontrollable worry about various aspects of life.
Social anxiety disorder
An anxiety disorder marked by intense fear of social situations and potential embarrassment.
Specific phobias
Intense, irrational fears of specific objects or situations, such as heights or spiders.
Animal-type phobias
A specific phobia focused on animals, such as fear of dogs, snakes, or insects.
Trichotillomania
A disorder where individuals repeatedly pull out their hair, leading to noticeable hair loss.
Excoriation
A disorder where individuals repeatedly pick at their skin, causing lesions or sores.
Body dysmorphic disorder
A mental disorder where individuals obsess over perceived flaws in their appearance, often leading to excessive checking or grooming.
PTSD
A disorder that develops after exposure to a traumatic event, characterized by symptoms such as flashbacks, nightmares, and heightened arousal.
Acute stress disorder (ASD)
A short-term disorder with PTSD-like symptoms occurring within the first month after a traumatic event.
PTSD with prominent dissociative symptoms
A subtype of PTSD where individuals experience significant dissociative symptoms, such as depersonalization or derealization.
Adjustment disorder
Emotional or behavioural symptoms in response to a specific stressor, such as a major life change, that cause significant distress. Excessive reactions to stress.
Prolonged greif disorder
Persistent and intense grief lasting longer than typical bereavement, interfering with daily functioning.
