Chapter 5 Flashcards
stimulus-substitution theory
a theory of classical conditioning that proposes that the CS acts as a substitute for the US.
preparatory-response theory
a theory of classical conditioning that proposes that the purpose of the CR is to prepare the organism for the presentation of the US
compensatory-response model
a model of conditioning in which a CS that has been repeatedly associated with the primary response (a-process) to a US will eventually come to elicit a compensatory response (b-process
Rescorla-Wagner theory
a theory of classical conditioning that proposes that a given Us can support only so much conditioning and that this amount of conditioning must be distributed amongst the various CSs.
Temperament
an individual’s level of emotional reactivity, which is to a large extent genetically determined.
preparedness
an innate disposition to learn certain types of behaviors or certain types of associations more easily than others.
Incubation
the strengthening of the condition fear response as a result of recent exposures to an aversive CS.
selective sensitization
an increase in one’s reaction to a potentially fearful stimulus following exposure to an unrelated stressful event
aversion therapy
a form of behavior therapy that attempts to reduce the Attractiveness of a desired event by associating it with an inverse of stimulus
counterconditioning
The procedure whereby a CS that elicits one type of response is associated with an event that elicits an incompatible response
flooding therapy
A behavioral treatment for phobias that involves prolonged exposure to a feared stimulus, Thereby providing maximal opportunity for the conditioned fear response to be extinguished
Overexpectation effect
a decrease in The conditioned response that occurs when truths separately conditioned CSs are combined into a compound stimulus for further pairings with the US
Reciprocal innovation
The process whereby the occurrence of a response is inhibited by the occurrence of an incompatible response
systemic desensitization
A behavioral treatment for phobias that involves pairing relaxation with a succession of stimuli that was it increasing levels of fear
