Chapter 5

Question 1

Define Biotic

Answer 1

Living

Question 2

Define Abiotic

Answer 2

Non-Living

Question 3

Define Landscape Ecology

Answer 3

Examine connections between ecosystems found in a particular region
ex) forest and pond

Question 4

Define BioSphere

Answer 4

Living Organisms

Question 5

Define Atmosphere

Answer 5

Gaseous Envelope surrounding the earth

Question 6

Define Hydrosphere

Answer 6

Supply of water

Question 7

Define Lithosphere

Answer 7

Soil and rock, crust

Question 8

Define energy

Answer 8

ability to do work

Question 9

Define Potential Energy

Answer 9

Stored energy

Question 10

Kinetic Energy

Answer 10

energy in motion

Question 11

Define Thermodynamics

Answer 11

Study of energy and its transformations

Question 12

First Law of ThermoDynamics

Answer 12

Energy is converted from one organism to another

Question 13

Examples of ThermoDynamics

Answer 13

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

Question 14

Second Law of ThermoDynamics

Answer 14

Energy decreases over time

Question 15

Define Entropy

Answer 15

Measure of disorder or randomness

Question 16

Define Producers

Answer 16

Make own food (plants)

Question 17

Define Consumer

Answer 17

consume other organisms

Question 18

Types of consumers: Primary

Answer 18

Herbivores

Question 19

Types of consumers: Secondary

Answer 19

Omnivores

Question 20

Types of consumers: Tertiary

Answer 20

Omnivores/Carnivores

Question 21

Types of consumers: Detritus Fedders

Answer 21

Consume organic matter (Carcasses/Feces)

Question 22

Define Decomposers

Answer 22

Breakdown dead organisms and waster products

Question 23

Define Trophic Level

Answer 23

Each level of the food chain

Question 24

Trophic Levels

Answer 24

1. Producers
2. Primary
3. Secondary
4. Tertiary

Question 25

Define Food Web

Answer 25

A complex food chain

Question 26

Ecological Pyramids

Answer 26

Show energy flow through trophic levels

Question 27

What was the original source of energy?

Answer 27

Sun

Question 28

Net Primary Productivity (NPP)

Answer 28

The amount of biomass found in excess of that broken down by plants cellular respiration

Question 29

Carbon Cycle

Answer 29

Released through combustion
Photosynthesis/Cellular Respiration
Fossil Fuels

Question 30

Hydrogen Cycle

Answer 30

1. Evaporation
2. Runoff
3. Watershed (Fertilizer)

Question 31

Nitrogen Cycle

Answer 31

DNA
Rhizobium: Convert it into nitrate
78% in air

Question 32

Sulfur Cycle

Answer 32

Found in rocks

Acid Rain

Question 33

Phosphorus Cycle

Answer 33

Not in Atmosphere

Erosion

Question 34

Define Fundamental Niches

Answer 34

Idealized niche affected by competition

Question 35

Define Realized Niche

Answer 35

Actual Niche

Question 36

Define Resource Rationing

Answer 36

Reduction in comp. for resources to avoid overlapping niches

Question 37

Define Symbiosis

Answer 37

Species living with each other

Question 38

Define Mutualism

Answer 38

Both Organisms benefit

Question 39

Define Commensalism

Answer 39

One species benefits and the other is unharmed

Question 40

Define Parasitism

Answer 40

One species benefits and the other is hurt

Question 41

Define Predator-prey Interaction

Answer 41

Adapting ot one another

Question 42

Competition: Intraspecific

Answer 42

Within the population

Question 43

Competition: Interspecific

Answer 43

Between different species

Question 44

Define Keystone Species

Answer 44

Crucial to maintenance of their ecosystem