Chapter 5

Question 1

Another name for glucose is

Answer 1

dextrose.

Question 2

The three elements in simple sugar are

Answer 2

carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Question 3

Dietary sugars and starches are called “protein sparing,” which means

Answer 3

dietary protein can be used for protein synthesis and other vital processes, rather than being used as a source of energy.

Question 4

Normal blood glucose levels range between

Answer 4

70 and 100 mg/dL.

Question 5

Which of the following combinations of foods would provide the most dietary fiber?

Answer 5

Kidney bean salad, turkey sandwich on whole wheat bread, fresh apple, milk

Question 6

Primary lactose maldigestion results from

Answer 6

lactase insufficiency.

Question 7

Of the total day’s energy intake, most dietary guidelines recommend that carbohydrates provide _____________ of energy.

Answer 7

45-65%

Question 8

Three important disaccharides are

Answer 8

maltose, sucrose, and lactose.

Question 9

The energy value of dietary carbohydrates is _____ kcal per gram.

Answer 9

4

Question 10

The principal sugar found in milk is

Answer 10

lactose.

Question 11

Which combination of foods would be highest in complex carbohydrates?

Answer 11

Spaghetti with marinara sauce, broccoli, dinner roll, milk

Question 12

Why is excess sugar consumption discouraged?

Answer 12

It may cause dental caries.
It may cause weight gain.
It lacks dietary fiber.
All of these choices are correct.

Question 13

Humans can digest a carbohydrate if the glucose bond is

Answer 13

an alpha bond.

Question 14

Glucose, galactose, and fructose

Answer 14

are monosaccharides.

Question 15

Sorbitol is

Answer 15

a sugar alcohol.
absorbed and metabolized more slowly than glucose and other sugars.
used in candies and gums.
All of these choices are correct.

Question 16

The human brain and other nerve tissues use mostly _________________ as fuel.

Answer 16

glucose

Question 17

In the production of alcoholic beverages, maltose is formed from cereal grains because of the

Answer 17

germination of grains.

Question 18

Once absorbed into the body, the majority of carbohydrates are ultimately transformed into glucose by the

Answer 18

liver.

Question 19

When increasing fiber intake, always

Answer 19

increase fluids.

Question 20

The body is capable of making glucose from non-carbohydrate nutrients, such as protein, by a process referred to as

Answer 20

gluconeogenesis.