Chapter 7 Flashcards
When food proteins reach the stomach, HCl ________ the protein.
denatures
The nucleotide units that represent a specific amino acid in protein synthesis are called
codons.
Excess protein intake can result in
loss of calcium.
When over 10 amino acids are chemically linked by peptide bonds, the resulting product is known as
a polypeptide.
Which of the following amino acids is classified as a “conditionally essential” amino acid?
tyrosine
A high-protein diet is discouraged for patients with
kidney disease.
Which of the following foods provides all of the essential amino acids?
milk
The major symptoms of kwashiorkor in children are
edema and growth failure.
DNA-coded instructions for protein synthesis consist of a sequence of ___ nucleotides per unit.
3
The lack of an immune response to foreign compounds entering the body is called
anergy
Which of the following enzymes aids in digesting polypeptides into shorter peptides and amino acids?
trypsin
he presence of ___________ chemically distinguishes protein from carbohydrate and fat.
nitrogen
Protein digestion begins in the stomach, where proteins are broken down into shorter polypeptide chains of amino acids.
true
What is a limiting amino acid?
The amino acid in shortest supply during protein synthesis is considered the limiting amino acid
Peanuts, cow’s milk, and shellfish are among foods considered to be highly allergenic.
true
Proteins help regulate blood pH by
accepting and releasing hydrogen ions.
High-protein diets are often associated with increased intake of saturated fat and cholesterol in the diet.
true
A growing child who is consuming adequate protein but only 50% of his or her energy needs, will likely be in
negative nitrogen balance.
Which of the following is not a means of determining the protein quality of a food?
complementary score
A vegan diet may be low in
vitamin B-12.
iron.
calcium.
All of these choices are correct.
Why are high-protein diets potentially harmful?
Specifically high protein diets including full-fat dairy products and red meats may increase the risk of heart disease. People with kidney disease should avoid high protein diets as they can worsen kidney function.
A diet that is deficient in carbohydrate will ultimately force the liver and, to a lesser extent, the kidneys to
produce glucose from amino acids.
The body needs 18 different amino acids to function properly.
false, it needs 20. but there are 9 essential amino acids
Signs of protein deficiency may include
edema.
mild to moderate weight loss.
poor resistance to infection. Incorrect
All of these choices are accurate.
