Chapter 7

Question 1

When food proteins reach the stomach, HCl ________ the protein.

Answer 1

denatures

Question 2

The nucleotide units that represent a specific amino acid in protein synthesis are called

Answer 2

codons.

Question 3

Excess protein intake can result in

Answer 3

loss of calcium.

Question 4

When over 10 amino acids are chemically linked by peptide bonds, the resulting product is known as

Answer 4

a polypeptide.

Question 5

Which of the following amino acids is classified as a “conditionally essential” amino acid?

Answer 5

tyrosine

Question 6

A high-protein diet is discouraged for patients with

Answer 6

kidney disease.

Question 7

Which of the following foods provides all of the essential amino acids?

Answer 7

milk

Question 8

The major symptoms of kwashiorkor in children are

Answer 8

edema and growth failure.

Question 9

DNA-coded instructions for protein synthesis consist of a sequence of ___ nucleotides per unit.

Answer 9

3

Question 10

The lack of an immune response to foreign compounds entering the body is called

Answer 10

anergy

Question 11

Which of the following enzymes aids in digesting polypeptides into shorter peptides and amino acids?

Answer 11

trypsin

Question 12

he presence of ___________ chemically distinguishes protein from carbohydrate and fat.

Answer 12

nitrogen

Question 13

Protein digestion begins in the stomach, where proteins are broken down into shorter polypeptide chains of amino acids.

Answer 13

true

Question 14

What is a limiting amino acid?

Answer 14

The amino acid in shortest supply during protein synthesis is considered the limiting amino acid

Question 15

Peanuts, cow’s milk, and shellfish are among foods considered to be highly allergenic.

Answer 15

true

Question 16

Proteins help regulate blood pH by

Answer 16

accepting and releasing hydrogen ions.

Question 17

High-protein diets are often associated with increased intake of saturated fat and cholesterol in the diet.

Answer 17

true

Question 18

A growing child who is consuming adequate protein but only 50% of his or her energy needs, will likely be in

Answer 18

negative nitrogen balance.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a means of determining the protein quality of a food?

Answer 19

complementary score

Question 20

A vegan diet may be low in

Answer 20

vitamin B-12.
iron.
calcium.
All of these choices are correct.

Question 21

Why are high-protein diets potentially harmful?

Answer 21

Specifically high protein diets including full-fat dairy products and red meats may increase the risk of heart disease. People with kidney disease should avoid high protein diets as they can worsen kidney function.

Question 22

A diet that is deficient in carbohydrate will ultimately force the liver and, to a lesser extent, the kidneys to

Answer 22

produce glucose from amino acids.

Question 23

The body needs 18 different amino acids to function properly.

Answer 23

false, it needs 20. but there are 9 essential amino acids

Question 24

Signs of protein deficiency may include

Answer 24

edema.
mild to moderate weight loss.
poor resistance to infection. Incorrect
All of these choices are accurate.