Chapter 5

Question 1

Diclofenac

Answer 1

NSAID

COX1 and COX2 inhibitor (more 2 selective) inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis including thromboxane A2 inhibition in platelet anti inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic action

Musculoskeletal system diseases, RA, OA, short term mild to moderate acute pain

Question 2

Digoxin

Answer 2

1. Antiarr class V
2. Cardiotonic agent. Cardiac glycosides

Na/K ATPase inhibitor, NCX inhibitior
Reflectory increases n. Vagus tone due to increased heart output that caused:
1. Negative chronotropic and dromotropic effects( inhibit AV transmission) antiarr
2. Positive inotropic effect because of increased calcium concentration
Cardiotonic

1. SVT
2. CHF

Question 3

Diltiazem

Answer 3

CCB Nondihydropyridine. Antiarr IV

Phase 2: blockade of Ca in cardiomyocytes, neg inotropic effect in high doses
Phase 0 and 4: blockade of Ca in SA mode, reduce HR, neg chronotropic. Reduce after load- reduce oxygen demand in myocardium. Dilate coronary blood vessels- increase oxygen supply to myocardium, antianginal

Blockade of calcium in peripheral blood vessels smooth muscles, reduce peripheral resistance and reduce blood pressure, anti hypertension.
Phase 0 and 4 in AV: neg dromotropic l, Antiarr in high doses

AH, Stable angina, Vasospastic or Prinzmetal angina, SVT

Question 4

Dinoprost

Answer 4

PGF2 analogue

PGF2 alpha receptor agonist. Stimulates the myometrium contraction, softens and expands the uterus cervix, uterotonic action

Unwanted pregnancy interruption (12-18 weeks). Stimulation of uterus action

Question 5

Dobutamin

Answer 5

Cardiotonic, Adrenomimetic

Beta1 adrenoreceptors agonist. Pos inotropic because of increasing calcium . Moderate pos chronotropic. Weak beta2 and alpha 1, reduces peripheral resistance. Cardiotonic action

AHF( MI, heart surgery or septic and cardiogenic shock)

Question 6

Dopamine

Answer 6

Cardiotonic, Adrenomimetic

Dopamine agonist, beta 1 and alpha 1 agonist. 
Low dose: improve renal microcirculation
Moderate: pos inotropic 
High: vasopressor
Cardiotonic 

AHF( MI, heart surgery and septic cardiogenic shock)

Question 7

Doxasozin

Answer 7

Alpha 1 blocker

Block alpha 1b lead to venous and arterial sm relaxation, reduces peripheral resistance, increases venous capacity and reduce blood pressure antihypertensive
Block of alpha 1a decrease sm of prostate, bladder and capsule, facilitates urination, urodynamic action

AH, BPH

Question 8

Doxorubicine

Answer 8

Antiineoplastic, Chemo, Anthracycline, Antitumor

Intercalant, topoisomerase II inhibitor and free radical formation breakdown DNA cytotoxic effect

Various treatment of neoplasia ( BC , ALL)

Question 9

Doxycycline

Answer 9

Antiinfective, antibiotics, tetracycline

Inhibiting ribosomal bacterial protein synthesis, broad spectrum, bacteriostatic, side effect: photosensitivity

Gram pos and neg: borrelia, chlamydia

Question 10

Enoxaparine

Answer 10

Anticoagulant, LMWH

Forms a complex with antithrombin III, increases antithrombin III activity, indirect inhibition of coagulation factors Xa and IIa
Antithrombotic effect

Treatment and prophylaxis of venous thromboembolic diseases