Chapter 3

Question 1

Budesonide

Answer 1

Glucocorticoid, local

1. Rapid membrane stabilizing effects( stabilizing lysosomes and mast cells)
2. Slow genomic effects, intercellular corticosteroid receptor activation ( indirect inhibition of phospholipase, direct COX2 inhibition)
3. Activator protein API and nuclear factor kappa NKFB inhibition, depression of activation of T lymphocytes
   Anti inflammatory, antiedema, antiallergic, immunosuppressive

Bronchial asthma
Allergic rhinitis
UC
Chrons disease

Question 2

Bupivacaine

Answer 2

Local anesthetics, amide

Blockade of sodium ion channels( stabilize of membrane) inhibition of nerve impulse conduction in sensitive nerve fibers, long action anesthetic effects

Locally: infiltrative and regional local anesthesia

Question 3

Calcitrol

Answer 3

Vitamins, Vitamin D biologically active form

Non selective D vitamin receptor (I/c) agonist. Provides calcium absorption in the GI and reabsorption from kidney. Regulates Ca2+ homeostasis

Rickets, osteoporosis prophylaxis, Renal osteodystrophy

Question 4

Captopril

Answer 4

ACE I

ACE inhibition blocks ang II and aldosterone formation ( cardiovascular remodeling properties) Dilation of veins ( reduce preload) and arteries ( reduce afterload) biological active drug. Promote K retention in organism. Side effects dry cough

AH
CHF

Question 5

Carbamazepine

Answer 5

Antiepileptic

Blocks neuronal voltage gated sodium channels and decrease excitation. Anticonvulsant action, mood stabilization, analgesic action

Grand mal seizures, bipolar, neuropathic pain

Question 6

Cefalexine

Answer 6

Antiinfective
Beta lactam antibiotic
Cephalosporin ( cefalexine 1st gen)

Blockade of bacterial cell wall synthesis, inhibition of transpeptidase, broad spectrum, bactericidal action

More potent against Gr pos. Treatment of infections caused by Gram pos and Gram neg that is sensitive to these antibacterial. Pneumonia

Question 7

Ceftriaxzone

Answer 7

Antiinfective, beta lactam antibiotics cephalosporins 3rd

Blockade of bacterial cell wall synthesis, inhibition of transpeptidase, broad spectrum, bactericidal action

More potent against Gram neg. treatment of infections caused by Gram pos and Gram neg that is sensitive to this antibacterial agent. Pneumonia, gonorrhea

Question 8

Ciprofloxacin

Answer 8

Synthetic, antiinfective, Quinolone, fluorquinolone

Inhibition of DNA gyrase, inhibition of synthesis of nucleic acids, bactericidal action

Treatment of infections caused by Gram pos and Gram neg bacteria that’s sensitive to this antibacterial agent. Pyelonephritis, bacterial travelled diarrhea

Question 9

Clarithromycin

Answer 9

Antiinfective, macrolide antibiotic

Inhibition of ribosomal protein synthesis. Broad spectrum. Bacteriostatic effect

Treatment of infections caused by bacteria that are sensitive to this antibacterial agent. H pylori, legionella

Question 10

Clomifene

Answer 10

Selective estrogen receptor modulator

Modulates estrogen receptor in hypothalamus, stimulates gonadotropin release, stimulates ovulation

Treatment of infertility