Chapter 5

Question 1

Consciousness:

Answer 1

can be viewed as our subjective awareness of mental events.

Question 2

stage 2 sleep:

Answer 2

sleep spindles and mixed EEG activity

Question 3

Fourth method of dreaming?

Answer 3

most controversial! Dreams as unconscious wishes!

Question 4

what are the three levels of consciousness?

Answer 4

1. conscious 2. preconscious 3. unconscious

Question 5

altered state of consciousness?

Answer 5

a form of experience that departs signigicantly from the normal subjective experience of the world and the mind

Question 6

Hypnagiogic state?

Answer 6

the presleep consciousness

Question 7

Thought suppression:

Answer 7

the consciousn avoidance of a thought

Question 8

Mental control?

Answer 8

the attempt to change conscious states of mind

Question 9

What is the first method for thinking of dreams?

Answer 9

Dreams as reflection of current concerns like current events. Most people think of dreams this way.

Question 10

somnambulism is more commonly reffered to as?

Answer 10

sleep walking

Question 11

How the reticular formation involved in consciousness?

Answer 11

sleep consciousness, filtering background information

Question 12

Activation synthesis model:

Answer 12

the brain imposes meaning on random neural acivity

Question 13

Narcolepsy?

Answer 13

is a disorder in which sudden sleep attacks occur in the middle of waking acitvities. Rare

Question 14

what occurs during stage 1 sleep?

Answer 14

theta waves prominent

Question 15

Problem of other minds:

Answer 15

the fundamenetal difficulty we have in perceiving the consciousness of others

Question 16

Second way of thinking of dreams?

Answer 16

dreams as aby-product of mental housekeeping. We get a lot of info throughout the day, some of which we need and some we do not.

Question 17

Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is involved in what?

Answer 17

involved in reducing attentional conflict

Question 18

Sleep paralysis?

Answer 18

wake up during REM and cannot move your muscles.

Question 19

Night Terrors:

Answer 19

different then nightares. Waking up without a cause or reported cause. Abrupt awakenings with panic and intense emotional arousal.

Question 20

Insomnia:

Answer 20

difficulty sleeping. 30-48% of people report symptoms of insomnia.

Question 21

Circadian rhythym?

Answer 21

is a naturally occuring 24 hour cycle

Question 22

Third method of dreams?

Answer 22

activation synthesis theory. This would make sense for dreams that seem totally random!

Question 23

Daydreaming:

Answer 23

a state of consciousness in which a seemingly purposeless flow of thoughts come to mind

Question 24

Mind-body problem:

Answer 24

the issue of how the mind is related to the brain and body.

Question 25

Manifest content of a dream?

Answer 25

a dream's apparent topic or superficial meaning.

Question 26

How is the prefrontal cortex involved in consciousness?

Answer 26

conscious control of information processing

Question 27

Latent content:

Answer 27

a dream's true underlying meaning

Question 28

REM sleep?

Answer 28

low voltage, high frequency waves

Question 29

how is he hindbrain and midbrain involved in consciousness?

Answer 29

Arousal and sleep

Question 30

awake?

Answer 30

low voltage, high frequency beta waves

Question 31

what was rene descartes thought on the mind-body problem?

Answer 31

suggested the mind has its effects on the brain and body through the pineal gland, a small structure located near the centre of the brain.

Question 32

what are the two dimensions of mind perception?

Answer 32

1. People judge minds according to the capacity for experience such as the ability to feel pain, pleasure, hunger, consciousness, anger or fear. 2. The capacity for agency, such as the ability for self-control, planning, memory or thought

Question 33

Phenomenology:

Answer 33

How things seem to the conscious person in their understanding of mind and behaviour.

Question 34

what are the four properties of consciousness?

Answer 34

1. Intentionality (direction) 2. Unity (resistance to division) 3. Selectivity (cocktail party phenomenon) 4. Transience (moves from one thing to another)

Question 35

Ironic processes of mental control:

Answer 35

proposes that such ironic errors occur because the mental process that monitors errors can itself produce them.

Question 36

sleep apnea?

Answer 36

is a disorder in which the person stops breathing for brief periods while asleep. Usually snores.

Question 37

Hypnagonic myoclonus:

Answer 37

twitch when you are falling asleep and it wakes you up

Question 38

Rebound effect of thought suppression?

Answer 38

The tendency of a thought to return to consciousness with greater frequency following suppression

Question 39

stage 3 and stage 4 sleep?

Answer 39

progressively more delta waves.