Chapter 4 Flashcards
Cones:
Operate under normal daylight conditions and allow us to focus on fine detail.
Perceptual constancy-
even as aspects of sensory signals change, perception remains consistent
The inner ear contains what?
chochlea
Psychophysics:
the relation between physical characteristics of the stimuli and our psychological experience of them.
Gustav Fechner is known for what?
psychophysics
what is the what pathway and the where pathway?
parvocellular and magnocelluar.
Serial processing:
process one thing at a time
what are the 5 gustation?
sweet, sour, bitter, salt and unami
if there is brain damage to the primary visual cortex what is the symptom?
localized blindness
Accomodcation-
the process by which the eye maintains a clear image on the retina.
The ear is divided into what three distinct parts?
- The outer ear- collect sound waves and funnels them to the middle ear 2. Middle ear- transmits vibrations to the inner ear 3. Inner ear- Embedded in the skull where they are tranduced into neaural impulses.
From the inner ear where does the action potential go?
from the auditory nerve to the thalamus and ultimately to an area of the cerebral cortex called the primary auditory cortex in the temporal lobe.
Cones can come in how many types and what are they?
three types, each type is specially sensitive to either long wavelengths (red), medium wavelengths (green) or short wavelength (blue)
Rods:
Become active under low-light conditions for night vision.
Feature integration theory:
which holds that focused attention is not required to detect the individual features that make up a stimulus, such as the colour, shape, size and location of letters.
shape detection:
specific combinations of temporal lobe activity occur as people look at shoes, faces, chairs and houses.
Prosopagnosia:
also called face blindness is a cognitive disorder of face perception in which the ability to recognize familiar faces is impaired.
Top-down processing:
information processing guided by higher-level mental processes as we construct perceptions, drawing on our experience and expectations. ex.) TAE CHT
The dorsal (above) stream:
travels up from the occipital lobe to the parietal lobes connecting with brain areas that identify and motion of an object. “where pathway”
Near sighted-
eyes too long. The point of focus is actually before the back of the eye so you need a concave lens.
Parallel processing:
is the brains capacity to perform many acitivites at the same time
Loudness:
amplitude of the sound wave
Illusory conjunction
a perceptual mistake whereby the brain incorrectly combines features from multple objects
Each taste bud contains how many receptor cells?
50-100
After a sensation registers in your central nervous system ——— takes place at the level of your brain
perception
Middle ear contains what?
ossicles
we are most and less sensitive to what colours?
most sensitive to yellow and less to blue and red
what are the two pain pathways?
- sends signals to the somatosensory cortex, identifying where the pain is occuring and what sort of pain it is. 2. the second pain pathway sends signal;s to the motivational and emotional centres of the brain such as the hypothalmus and amygdala and to the frontal lobe.
Sensory adaptation:
Whereby sensitivity to prolonged stimulation tends to decline over time as an pogranism adapts to current conditons
what are the three models of perception?
- Templates- visual system compares stimulus with templates. problems- too many templates 2. prototypes- visual system compares stimulus but allows for disparity 3. distinctive features- visual syste, codes distinctive features.
Damage to the temporal lobe area results in what?
visual agnosia, the man who mistook his wife for a hat, the inability to recognize objects by sight.
whats the nanometers we can see?
350-750
