CHAPTER 5

Question 1

BIOSPHERE

Answer 1

The layer of Earth that contains all living organisms.

Question 2

COMMUNITY

Answer 2

A natural association that consists of all the populations of different species that live and interact together within an area at the same time.

Question 3

COMPETITION

Answer 3

The interaction among organisms that vie for the same resources in an ecosystem (such as food or living space).

Question 4

ECOLOGICAL NICHE

Answer 4

The totality of an organism’s adaptations, its use of resources, and the lifestyle to which it is fitted.

Question 5

ECOLOGY

Answer 5

The study of the interactions among organisms and between organisms and their abiotic environment.

Question 6

ECOSYSTEM

Answer 6

A community and its physical environment.

Question 7

ENERGY FLOW

Answer 7

The passage of energy in a one-way direction through an ecosystem.

Question 8

FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

Answer 8

A physical law which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, although it can change from one form to another.

Question 9

LANDSCAPE

Answer 9

A region that includes several interacting ecosystems.

Question 10

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Answer 10

The biological process that captures light energy and transforms it into the chemical energy of organic molecules, which are manufactured from carbon dioxide and water.

Question 11

POPULATION

Answer 11

A group of organisms of the same species that live together in the same area at the same time.

Question 12

PREDATION

Answer 12

The consumption of one species (the prey) by another (the predator).

Question 13

SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

Answer 13

A physical law which states that when energy is converted from one form to another, some of it is degraded into heat, a less usable form that disperses into the environment.

Question 14

SYMBIOSIS

Answer 14

An intimate relationship or association between members of two or more species; includes mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism.