CHAPTER 11

Question 1

AQUACULTURE

Answer 1

The growing of aquatic organisms (fishes, shellfish, and seaweeds) for human consumption.

Question 2

BENTHIC ENVIRONMENT

Answer 2

Consists of sediments (mainly sand and mud) where many bottom-dwelling animals, such as worms and clams, burrow.

Question 3

BYCATCH

Answer 3

The fishes, marine mammals, sea turtles, seabirds, and other animals caught unintentionally in a commercial fishing catch.

Question 4

EL NINO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION (ENSO)

Answer 4

A periodic, large-scale warming of surface waters of the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean that temporarily alters both ocean and atmospheric circulation patterns.

Question 5

GYRES

Answer 5

Large, circular ocean current systems that often encompass an entire ocean basin.

Question 6

INTERTIDAL ZONE

Answer 6

The area of shoreline between low and high tides.

Question 7

NERITIC PROVINCE

Answer 7

The part of the pelagic environment that overlies the ocean floor from the shoreline to a depth of 650 ft.

Question 8

OCEANIC PROVINCE

Answer 8

The part of the pelagic environment that overlies the ocean floor at depths greater than 650 ft.