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Cultural Anthropology > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

visual anthropology

A

documentation of culture in photographs or video

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2
Q

demographic sampling

A

survey of human subjects in a community (number of people, their sex and age, population density)

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3
Q

ecological anthropology

A

Rappaport’s idea that humans needed to be studies as populations of the same species interacting with other populations of living things

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4
Q

postmodernism

A

questions optimistic Enlightenment ideas and the belief in the clocklike progress of the human species and abandons positivistic endeavor to understand human culture scientifically

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5
Q

arrival story

A

common trope in anthropological literature that describes how the anthropologist first set foot in the community he studied

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6
Q

structure

A

political, economic, and social institutions of a society

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7
Q

superstructure

A

ideology, art, and religion of a society

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8
Q

cultural ecology

A

assumes a causal relationship between environment and social organization in small scale societies, such as Shoshone in Great Basin having limited and scattered resources

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9
Q

historical particularism

A

school of thought associated with Boaz in which societies are viewed as unique products of their history and environment

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10
Q

ethnohistory

A

documentary study and analysis that usually takes place in archives and libraries

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11
Q

multilinear evolution

A

idea that many different cultural adaptations are possible defending on available resources and other environmental factors

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12
Q

emic perspective

A

understanding a native’s point of view

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13
Q

cultural materialism

A

says culture is composed of 3 parts: infrastructure, structure, and superstructure

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14
Q

infrastructure

A

technology, environment, and the rate of population growth in society; according to materialists this has the biggest influence on human thinking and behavior

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15
Q

Anthropological tools

A

demographic sampling, visual anthropology, studying time use, free listing

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16
Q

modernism

A

continuation of Enlightenment ideas of human progress and rationality; assumes societies evolve linearly

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17
Q

moieties

A

a descent group in a society that only has 2 descent groups (similar to clan)

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18
Q

structural-functionalism

A

assumes constituent parts of society are interdependent

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19
Q

method

A

any research procedure employed to evaluate a hypothesis

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20
Q

Levi-Strauss

A

associated with structuralism

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21
Q

materialist

A

perspective that views culture as the product of how people make a living and interact with their environment; the material nature of their existence determines how they think, what they believe, and how they organize socially

22
Q

etic description

A

cultural knowledge as inferred from native behavior or ethnographic observation

23
Q

validity

A

overall believability of the information and the conclusions that come from field research

24
Q

ethnographic present

A

moment a culture is researched in the field by an anthropologist

25
Q

discourse

A

the coded phrases, sentences, and key terms in use in a language that protect the power structure

26
Q

documentation of culture in photographs or video

A

visual anthropology

27
Q

survey of human subjects in a community (number of people, their sex and age, population density)

A

demographic sampling

28
Q

Rappaport’s idea that humans needed to be studies as populations of the same species interacting with other populations of living things

A

ecological anthropology

29
Q

questions optimistic Enlightenment ideas and the belief in the clocklike progress of the human species and abandons positivistic endeavor to understand human culture scientifically

A

postmodernism

30
Q

common trope in anthropological literature that describes how the anthropologist first set foot in the community he studied

A

arrival story

31
Q

political, economic, and social institutions of a society

A

structure

32
Q

ideology, art, and religion of a society

A

superstructure

33
Q

assumes a causal relationship between environment and social organization in small scale societies, such as Shoshone in Great Basin having limited and scattered resources

A

cultural ecology

34
Q

school of thought associated with Boaz in which societies are viewed as unique products of their history and environment

A

historical particularism

35
Q

documentary study and analysis that usually takes place in archives and libraries

A

ethnohistory

36
Q

idea that many different cultural adaptations are possible defending on available resources and other environmental factors

A

multilinear evolution

37
Q

understanding a native’s point of view

A

emic perspective

38
Q

says culture is composed of 3 parts: infrastructure, structure, and superstructure

A

cultural materialism

39
Q

technology, environment, and the rate of population growth in society; according to materialists this has the biggest influence on human thinking and behavior

A

infrastructure

40
Q

demographic sampling, visual anthropology, studying time use, free listing

A

Anthropological tools

41
Q

continuation of Enlightenment ideas of human progress and rationality; assumes societies evolve linearly

A

modernism

42
Q

a descent group in a society that only has 2 descent groups (similar to clan)

A

moieties

43
Q

assumes constituent parts of society are interdependent

A

structural-functionalism

44
Q

any research procedure employed to evaluate a hypothesis

A

method

45
Q

associated with structuralism

A

Levi-Strauss

46
Q

perspective that views culture as the product of how people make a living and interact with their environment; the material nature of their existence determines how they think, what they believe, and how they organize socially

A

materialist

47
Q

cultural knowledge as inferred from native behavior or ethnographic observation

A

etic description

48
Q

overall believability of the information and the conclusions that come from field research

A

validity

49
Q

moment a culture is researched in the field by an anthropologist

A

ethnographic present

50
Q

the coded phrases, sentences, and key terms in use in a language that protect the power structure

A

discourse

Cultural Anthropology (4 decks)

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