Chapter 5

Question 1

Recall

Answer 1

A procedure for submitting to popular vote the removal of officials from office before the end of their term

Question 2

Faction

Answer 2

The term founders used to refer to political parties and special interests or interest groups

Question 3

Pluralism

Answer 3

A theory of government that holds that open, multiple, and competing groups can check the asserted powered by anyone group

Question 4

Interest group

Answer 4

A collection of people who share a common interest or attitude and seek to influence government for specific ends. Interest groups usually work within the framework of government and try to achieve their goals through tactics such as lobbying

Question 5

Social movement

Answer 5

A large body of people interested in common issue, idea, or concern that is of continuing significance and who are willing to take action. Movements seek to change attitudes or institutions not just policies

Question 6

Open shop

Answer 6

A company with a labor agreement under which union membership cannot be required as a condition of employment

Question 7

Closed shop

Answer 7

A company with a labor agreement under which union membership can be a condition of employment

Question 8

Free rider

Answer 8

An individual who does not join a group representing his or her interests yet received the benefit of the groups influence

Question 9

Professional associations

Answer 9

Groups of individuals who share a common profession and are often organized for common political purposes related to that profession

Question 10

Nongovernmental organization

Answer 10

A nonprofit association or group operating outside government that advocates and pursues policy objectives

Question 11

Collective action

Answer 11

How groups form and organized to pursue their goals and objectives’s, including how to get individuals and groups to participate and cooperate. The term has many applications in the various social sciences such as political science sociology and economics

Question 12

Public choice

Answer 12

Synonyms with collective action specifically studies how government officials politician and loaders respond to positive and negative incentives

Question 13

Lobbying

Answer 13

Engaging in activities aimed at influencing public officials, especially legislators and the policies they enact

Question 14

Federal register

Answer 14

An official document published every weekday that lists the new and proposed regulations of executive departments and regulatory agencies

Question 15

Amicus curiae brief

Answer 15

Literally a friend of the court brief, filed by an individual Or organization urging the supreme court to hear a case (or discouraging it from doing so) or at the merits stage, to present arguments in addition to those presented by the immediate parties to a case

Question 16

Super PACs

Answer 16

Independent expenditure only packs are known as super packed because they may except donations of any size and can endorse candidates. Their contributions and expenditures must be periodically reported the FEC

Question 17

Bundling

Answer 17

A tactic in which PACs collect contributions from like-minded individuals (each limited to $2000) and present them to a candidate or political party as a bundle thus increasing the packs influence

Question 18

Lobbyist

Answer 18

A person who is employed by and ask for an organized interest group or corporation to try to influence policy decisions and positions in the executive and legislative branches

Question 19

Revolving door

Answer 19

Employment cycle in which individuals who work for government agencies that regulate interests eventually end up working for interest groups or businesses with the same policy concern

Question 20

Issue network

Answer 20

Relationships among interest groups, congressional committees and subcommittees and the government agencies that share a common policy concern

Question 21

Political action committee or PAC

Answer 21

The political arm of an interest group that is legally entitled to raise funds on a voluntary basis from members, stockholders, or employees to contribute funds to candidates for political parties

Question 22

Leadership PAC

Answer 22

APAC formed by and officeholder that collects contributions from individuals and other parks and then make contributions to other candidates and political parties

Question 23

Bipartisan campaign reform act

Answer 23

Largely band party soft money, restored long-standing prohibition on corporations and labor unions use of general treasury funds for electro purposes, and near of the definition of issue advocacy

Question 24

Independent expenditures

Answer 24

The Supreme Court has ruled the individuals groups and parties can spend unlimited amounts in campaigns for or against candidates as long as they operate independently from the candidates. When an individual group or party just so they are making an independent expenditure

Question 25

Issue advocacy

Answer 25

Unlimited an undisclosed spending by individual or group on communications that do not use words like vote for or vote against although much of this activity is actually about electing or defeating candidates

Question 26

527 organization

Answer 26

A political group organized under section 527 of the IRS code that may except and spend unlimited amounts of money on election activities so long as they do not spend on broadcast ads running last 30 days before a primary or 60 days before a general election in which a clearly identified for two and a relevant collect were late is targeted

Question 27

Collective-bargaining

Answer 27

The process in which a union represents a group of employees in negotiations with the employer about wages, benefits, and workplace safety