Chapter 5

Question 0

The cutaneous membrane is also known as ________

Answer 0

Skin

Question 1

What are the major organs of the integumentary system?

Answer 1

Skin, hair, sweat glands, and nails

Question 2

The epidermis is made up of what type of tissue?

Answer 2

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 3

The epidermis is dominated by ________, the body’s most abundant epithelial cells.

Answer 3

Keratinocytes

Question 4

Keratinocytes are abundant in the protein _________.

Answer 4

Keratin

Question 5

Thin skin contains _____ layers of skin, while thick skin contains _____ layers of skin.

Answer 5

Thin skin - 4

Thick skin - 5

Question 6

Thick skin contains this extra layer of skin.

Answer 6

Stratum lucidum

Question 7

Name the strata of the skin from the most superficial to the basement membrane.

Answer 7

Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale.

Question 8

The cells of the stratum basale are attached to the basement membrane via ___________.

Answer 8

Hemidesmosomes

Question 9

Insensible perspiration. There is continuous loss of water which we are unaware of. Can account for up to 500ml of fluid lost on the skin surface. This is a characteristic of which strata layer?

Answer 9

Stratum corneum

Question 10

This is the most superficial layer and has 20-30 layers of dead skin.

Answer 10

Stratum corneum

Question 11

What makes it possible for epidermis and dermis to interlock?

Answer 11

Epidermal ridges and dermal papillae

Question 12

These are the most important component of epidermis. Secrete protein keratin. These form bulk of epidermis.

Answer 12

Keratinocytes

Question 13

These are present in deeper layers of skin. Produce melanin. Synthesized from tyrosine. Protect from damaging effects of UV light.

Answer 13

Melanocytes

Question 14

These are a component of immune system of skin. If pathogen has invaded, these cells will initiate the first level of defense.

Answer 14

Langerhans cells

Question 15

These are sensory cells present in epidermis.

Answer 15

Merkel cells

Question 16

These are stem cells found in epidermis that have mitosis potential.

Answer 16

Basal cells

Question 17

This strata layer contains keratinocytes, but are still immature and have various organelles. In the process of becoming more and more filled with keratin.

Answer 17

Stratum spinosum

Question 18

This strata layer contains langerhans cells.

Answer 18

Stratum spinosum

Question 19

Is strata layer contains basal cells and merkel cells.

Answer 19

Stratum basale

Question 20

This strata layer is 3-5 layers thick. Organelles start rejuvenating. High granules. Has specialized cells that synthesize huge amount of keratin.

Answer 20

Stratum granulosum

Question 21

This pigment is present in orange fruits and vegetables and deposited in hypodermis. More visible in people who have lighter skin.

Answer 21

Carotene

Question 22

Albino individuals have __________ present but don’t work and aren’t producing __________.

Answer 22

Have melanocytes but don’t produce melanin

Question 23

This pigment has extensive Golgi apparatus.

Answer 23

Melanin

Question 24

_________ is produced from exposure to sunlight. If a person doesn't have enough exposure to sunlight, bones are weak.

Answer 24

Vitamin D

Question 25

This is a disease caused by vitamin D deficiency. Causes weak and flexible bones.

Answer 25

Rickets

Question 26

Is the epidermis vascular or avascular?

Answer 26

Avascular

Question 27

Is the dermis vascular or avascular?

Answer 27

Vascular

Question 28

This skin layer contains collagen and elastin.

Answer 28

Dermis

Question 29

This is the top layer of dermis that forms papilla. Composed of loose connective tissue.

Answer 29

Papillary layer of dermis

Question 30

This layer of dermis is composed of tight connective layer.

Answer 30

Reticular layer of dermis

Question 31

_________ fibers are the ones damaged during pregnancy because of stretching beyond limits during pregnancy.

Answer 31

Elastic

Question 32

How should incisions be made?

Answer 32

Parallel to cleavage lines.

Question 33

Which type of vitamin is added to creams to get rid of stretch marks?

Answer 33

Vitamin A

Question 34

This top elf corpuscle is responsive to touch. This is why we know when to move our hands away from hot/cold objects.

Answer 34

Tactile (Meissner's) corpuscle

Question 35

This type of corpuscle responds to vibrations and sounds.

Answer 35

Lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscle

Question 36

This provides blood to dermal layer.

Answer 36

Cutaneous Plexus

Question 37

These glands secrete products onto hair root and cover hair shaft.

Answer 37

Sebaceous(oil) glands

Question 38

These parts of the hair contain hard keratin.

Answer 38

Cortex and cuticle

Question 39

This part of the hair contains soft keratin.

Answer 39

Medulla

Question 40

What is the difference between apocrine and merocrine sweat glands?

Answer 40

Apocrine sweat glands secrete into hair follicles, while merocrine sweat glands secrete directly onto skin.

Question 41

What are responsible for sensible perspiration?

Answer 41

Merocrine sweat glands.