Chapter 5

Question 1

the capacity to do work or transfer heat

Answer 1

energy

Question 2

energy of motion

Answer 2

kinetic energy

Question 3

energy of position

Answer 3

potential energy

Question 4

is stored within structural units of chemical substances

Answer 4

chemical energy

Question 5

energy resulting from the interaction of charged particles

Answer 5

electrostatic energy

Question 6

is the part of the universe of intrest

-ex: the reactants NaOH and HCL

Answer 6

system

Question 7

are the rest of the universe
-ex: when heat is given off from the reaction of NaOH and HCL, the energy is transferred from the system to the surroundings

Answer 7

surroundings

Question 8

-the study if the transfer of heat (thermal energy) in chemical reactions

Answer 8

thermochemistry

Question 9

transfer of heat from the system to the surroundings

Answer 9

exothermic

Question 10

the transfer of heat from the surroundings of the system

Answer 10

endothermic

Question 11

is the SI unit for energy

Answer 11

Joule (J)

Question 12

commonly used on food labels

Answer 12

calorie (cal)

Question 13

exchange of mass and energy

Answer 13

open

Question 14

exchange of energy

Answer 14

closed

Question 15

no exchange

Answer 15

isolated

Question 16

depend only on initial and final states of the system and not on how the change was carried out

Answer 16

state functions

Question 17

• kinetic energy- molecular motion

- potential energy- attractive/ repulsive interactions

Answer 17

internal energy (U)

Question 18

is a state function defined as

Answer 18

enthalpy (H)

Question 19

equations that represent both mass and enthalpy changes

Answer 19

thermochemical equations

Question 20

the measurement of heat changes

Answer 20

calorimetry

Question 21

the amount of heat required to raise the temp of 1 g of a substance by 1cC

• units J/g C
• relation to amount of heat (q)

Answer 21

specific heat (s)

Question 22

the amount of heat required to raise the temp of an object by 1 C

• units J/C
• relation to amount of heat (q)

Answer 22

heat capacity (c)

Question 23

the change in enthalpy that occurs when reactants are converted to products is the same whether the reaction occurs in one step or a series of steps

Answer 23

Hess’s Law