Chapter 3

Question 1

-the mass in amus of the individual molecule

Answer 1

molecular mass (molecular weight)

Question 2

the mass in amus of an ionic compound

Answer 2

formula mass (formula weight)

Question 3

any species to the left of the arrow (consumed)

Answer 3

reactant

Question 4

any species to the right of the arrow (formed)

Answer 4

product

Question 5

• (s) solid
• (l) liquid
• (g) gas
• (aq) water solution

Answer 5

state symbols

Question 6

same number and kind of atoms on each side of the equation

Answer 6

balanced

Question 7

the mass of one mole of a substance in grams

Answer 7

molar mass

Question 8

simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a formula

Answer 8

empirical

Question 9

the “true” ratio of atoms in a formula; often a whole-number multiple of the empirical formula

Answer 9

molecular

Question 10

analysis of organic compounds (C, H and sometimes O) are carried using an apparatus

Answer 10

combustion analysis

Question 11

using balanced equations to find amounts

Answer 11

stoichiometry

Question 12

the reactant that is used up first in a reaction (limits the amount of product produced)

Answer 12

limiting reactant

Question 13

the one that is left over

Answer 13

excess reactant

Question 14

the maximum amount of product predicted by stoichiometry

Answer 14

theoretical yield

Question 15

the amount produced in a laboratory setting

Answer 15

actual yield

Question 16

a ratio of actual to theoretical(tells efficency of reaction)

Answer 16

percent yield

Question 17

one product is formed

Answer 17

combination

Question 18

one reactant produces more than one product

Answer 18

decomposition

Question 19

a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water

Answer 19

combustion