Chapter 11 Flashcards
force per unit area
pressure
unit of force
newton
unti of pressure
pascal
an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure
barometer
a device used to measure pressures other than atmospheric pressure
manometer
empirical relationships among gas parameters
gas laws
pressure-volume relationship at constant temperature
boyle’s law
temperature-volume relationship at constant pressure
charles’ and guy-lussac’s law
the volume of a gas sample is directly proportional to the number of moles in the sample at constant pressure and temperature
avogadro’s law
combing the historic gas laws yields
the ideal gas law
0.08206
Latm/Kmol
62.36
Ltorr/K*mol
0.08314
Lbar/Kmol
8.314
m3Pa/Kmol or J/K*mol
1.987
cal/K*mol
the pressure exerted by each gas in a gaseous mixture
partial pressure
the ratio of the number of moles of one component to the total number of moles in a mixture
mole fraction
to maintain constant P, as V increases T must increase; fewer collisions require harder collisions
charles’ law
to maintain constant P and T, as V increases n must increase
avogadros’ law
gas molecules do not attract or repel one another, so one gas is unaffected by the other and the total pressure is a simple sum
dalton’s law
the mixing of gases as a results of random motion and collisions
diffusion
the escape of a gas from a container to a region of vacuum
effusion
