Chapter 5 Flashcards
1
Q
generic term for agent (hormone) that stimulates development of male characteristics
A
androgen
2
Q
ductule
A
very small duct
3
Q
state of equilibrium of the internal environment of the body dispite changed in the external environment
A
homeostasis
4
Q
forming a complex substance by the union of similar compounds or elements
A
synthesize
5
Q
outer layer of skin, composed of sub layers; strata, stratum cornell, and basal layer
A
epidermis
6
Q
second layer of skin, composed of living tissue and contains capillaries, lymphatic vessels, and nerve endings
A
dermis
7
Q
Sebaceous Gland
A
oil gland in the dermis
8
Q
sudoriferous gland
A
sweat gland in the dermis
9
Q
adip/o
lip/o
steat/o
A
fat
10
Q
cutane/o
dermat/o
derm/o
A
skin
11
Q
hidr/o
sudor/o
A
sweat
12
Q
ichthy/o
A
dry, scaly
13
Q
kerat/o
A
horny tissue; hard; cornea
14
Q
melan/o
A
black
15
Q
myc/o
A
fungus
16
Q
onych/o
ungu/o
A
nail
17
Q
pil/o
trich/o
A
hair
18
Q
scler/o
A
hardening; sclera (white of eye)
19
Q
seb/o
A
sebum, sebaceous
20
Q
squam/o
A
scale
21
Q
xen/o
A
foreign, strange
22
Q
xer/o
A
dry
23
Q
Localized collection of pus at the site of an infection ( staphylococcal)
A
Abscess
24
Q
inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin with characteristic lesions that include blackheads (comedos), inflammatory, papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts
A
acne
25
partial or complete loss of hair, resulting from normal aging and endocrine disorder a drug reaction, anti-cancer medication, or a skin disease commonly called baldness 
alopecia 
26
very early form of skin cancer, which is easily curable and caught characterized by a red scaly. Patch of skin also called squamous cell carcinoma, in situ 
Bowen disease
27
Diffuse widespread, acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue
Cellulitis
28
pigmentary skin discoloration, usually occurring in yellowish brown patches or spots
chloasma 
29
typical small skin lesion of acne vulgaris caused by accumulation of keratin bacteria and dried sebum plugging and excretory duct of the skin 
Comedo 
30
inflammation, sore or skin deterioration caused by prolonged pressure from lying in one position that prevents blood flow to tissues usually an elderly bedridden person also known as a pressure sore 
Decubitus ulcer
31
skin discoloration consisting of a large irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with colored changing from bluish black to greenish brown, or yellow, commonly called  a bruise
ecchymosis 
32
chronic inflammatory skin condition that is characterized by erythema, papules vesicles pals, scales crust and scabs and accompanied by intense itching. Pruritus also called atopic dermatitis.
 eczema
33
redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries
erythema 
34
Dead matter that is sloughed off from the surface of the skin, especially after a burn 
eschar
35
The curial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture
Impetigo
36
thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth on the skin, such as a callous or wart
keratosis 
37
Small brown macules, especially on the face and arms brought on by sun exposure, usually in a middle-aged or older person
lentigo
38
unnatural paleness or absence of color in the skin
pallor
39
Infested with lice, transmitted by personal contact, or common use of brushes, combs, or headgear
pediculosis
40
Manute pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin
petechia
41
Intense itching
pruritus 
42
Chronic skin disease characterized by itchy, red patches, covered by thick, dry silvery scales, and caused by excessive development of the basil layer of the epidermis
Psoriasis
43
any of several bleeding disorders, characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues, particularly beneath the skin, or mucous membranes producing ecchymoses or petechiae 
purpura
44
Contagious, skin disease, transmitted by the itch might commonly through sexual contact
Scabies
45
Fungal skin infection, whose name commonly indicates the body part affected, also called ringworm
tinea
46
allergic reaction of the skin, characterized by eruption of pale, red, elevated patches, called wheals or hives
urticaria
47
epidermal growth caused by a virus, also known as warts 
verruca
48
localized loss of skim pigmentation, characterized by milk, white patches
vitiligo
49
any test in which a suspected allergen or sensitizer is applied to it injected into the skin to determine the paicients sensitivity to it
allergy skin test
50
skin test that identifies suspected allergens by subcutaneously injecting small amounts of extracts of the suspected allergens and observing the skin for a subsequent reaction
intradermal
51
skin test that identifies allergic contact dermatitis by applying a suspected allergen to a path, which is tapped to the skin and observed for 24 hours later for an allergic response.
patch
52
skin test that identifies suspected allergens by placing a small quantity of the suspected allergen on a lightly scratched area of the skin; also called puncture test or prick test
scratch
53
laboratory test to determine the presence of pathogens in patients with suspected wound infections and identify the appropriate drug therapy to which the organism responds (sensitivity)
culture and sensitivity (c&s)
54
Representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination
biopsy 
55
Ultra thin, slice of tissue from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination
frozen section FS
56
Removal the small tasty sample from examination, using a hollow needle, usually attached to a syringe
Needle
57
removal of a small core tissue, using a hollow punch
Punch
58
Removal of elevated vision using a surgical blade
Shave
59
procedure that involves progressive removal and examination of layers
Of cancer containing skin until only cancer free tissue remains also called micrographic surgery of the skin
mohs
60
Transplantation of healthy tissue to an injured site
skin graft
61
Transplantation of healthy tissue from one person to another person also called the homograft
allograft
62
transportation of healthy tissue from one site to another site in the same individual
autograft
63
transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern
Synthetic
64
Transplantation dermis only from a foreign donor, usually a pig, and transferred to a human also called a heterograft
xenograft
65
Chemical removal of the outer layers of skin to treat acne scarring in general keratosis also called chemabrasion
Chemical peel
66
Use of subfreezing temperatures, commonly liquid nitrogen to destroy or eliminate abnormal tissues, such as tumors wart and unwanted, cancerous, or infected tissue
cryosurgery
67
Removal of necrotized tissue from a wound by surgical, excision enzymes, or chemical agent
debridement 
68
rubbing (abrasion) using wire brushes or sandpaper, to mechanically scrape away (abraid) the epidermis
Dermabrasion
69
tissue destruction by means of high frequency, electric current also called electrodesiccation
Fulguration
70
procedure in which cells selectively treated with an agent called photosynthesizer, are exposed to light to produce a reaction that destroys the cells
Photodynamic therapy PDT
71
BCC
basal cell carcinoma
72
C & S
Culture and sensitivity
73
CA
cancer, chronological age cardiac arrest 
74
FS
Frozen section
75
ID
Intradermal
76
IMP
Impression synonymous with diagnosis
77
IV
Intravenous
78
TNM
tumor node metastasis
79
ung
ointment
80
XP, XDP
xeroderma pigmentosum
81
outer layer of skin
epidermis
82
composed of dead cells. Thickness is from wear
Stratum Corneum
83
living cells, wear new cells are made
basal layer
84
second layer of skin, composed of tissue, capillaries, lymphatic vessels, and nerve endings, hair follicles, sebaceous glands and sudoriferous gland
dermis
85
binds dermis with underlying structures- loose connective tissue and adipose tissue laced with blood vessels
subcutaneous layer / hypodermis
86
embedded into the dermis
hair shaft
87
covering that encloses loop of capillaries
papilla
88
initial reaction to pathological altered tissue (flat-or raised)
primary skin lesions
89
changed that take place in the primary lesions as a result of infection, scratching, trama or various stage of a disease
secondary skin lesion
90
First degree burn
epidermis
91
damage epidermis and part of dermis ( fluid-filled blisters little to no scarring)
second degree burn
92
epidermis and dermis destroyed with possible underlying damage to connective tissue, scar tissue and possible need for grafting
third degree burns
93
neoplasm
Abnormal growth
94
benign neoplasm
noncancerous growth same cells as tissue
95
malignant neoplasm
cancer- invasive and spread to remote regions of the cell (metastasis)
96
immunotherapy (biotherapy)
stimulate body’s immune system
97
combined- modality treatment
combination of treatments
98
Timmer cells well, differentiated close resemblance to tissue origin, and thus retaining some specialized functions
Grade I
99
tumor cells moderately, or poorly differentiated, as resemblance tissue of origin, more variation in size and shape of tumor cells increased mitosis
Grade II
100
tumor cells, poorly differentiated, increased abnormality and appearance with only remote resemblance to the tissue of origin marked variation and shape and size of tumor cells, greatly increased mitoses
Grade III
101
tumor cells very poorly, differentiated, abnormal appearance to the extent that recognition of the tumors tissue origin is difficult stream, variation, and size and shape of tumor cell 
Grade IV
102
TNM system
T (tumor,)- size and invassivness of primary tumor
N(node)- area lymph nodes involved
M(metastasis)- invasiveness metastasis of the primary tumor
103
primary tumor that cannot be evaluated
TX
104
No evidence of tumor
To
105
stage one carcinoma in situ, which indicates that tumor is in a defined location, and she has known invasion into surrounding tissues
Tis
106
stage two primary tumor size an extent of local invasion, where T1 is small with me minimal invasion, and T4 is large with extensive local invasion into surrounding organ and tissues
T1, T2, T3, T4
107
Regional lymph nodes, that cannot be evaluated
NX
108
regional lymph nodes, that show no abnormalities
No
109
stage 3° of lymph node involvement and spread to regional lymph nodes were and one is less involved with minimal spreading, and and for is more involved with extensive spreading
N one, N2, N3, N4
110
Distant metastasis, that cannot be evaluated
MX
111
no evidence of metastasis
Mo
112
Stage four Presence of metastasis
M1
113
Arises from skin that undergoes, pathological, hardening of epic journal cells, an invasive tumor with potential for metastasis and occurs mostly and first skin white men over 60. Factors associated with this type of cancer include radiation therapy, chronic skin irritation, and inflammation.
Squamous cell carcinoma
114
o the most lethal of skin cancers, and can Metastasize extensively to the liver, lungs or brain excessive exposure to sunlight and severe sunburn during childhood I believe to increase risk later in life
malignant melanoma
115
reduce acne through multiple mechanisms
Benzyl peroxide, tretinoin
Anti-acne agents
116
alter the cell wall of fungi or disrupt enzyme activity resulting in cell death
intraconazole, terbinafine, fluconazole
anti- fungals
117
inhibit allergic reactions of inflammation, renaissance and caused by the race of histamine
diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine
antihistamines
118
Kill insect parasites, such as lice and mites
lindane, permethrin
anti-parasitics
119
typically pied agents that inhibit growth of bacteria, thus preventing infections and cut scratches and search incisions
ethyl or isopropyl alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, providone- iodine
Antiseptics
120
decrease, inflammation and inching by suppressing the immune systems, inflammatory response to tissue damage
hydrocortisone, triamcinolone
corticosteroids
121
Destroy and soften outer layer of tissue so that it is slowed off or shed
salicylic acid , urea
karatolytics 
122
Cover, cool, dry or sooth inflamed skin
Lotion and ointment
Protective
123
Block sensation of pain, numbing the skin layers and mucus membranes
lidocaine procaine
Topical anesthetics
124
saw the elevated leash less than 1 cm in diameter that may be the same color of the skin or pigmented pimple psoriasis eczema
Papule
125
elevated circumscribed fluid foundation, less than .5 cm and diameter, poison ivy shingles chickenpox
Vesicle
126
Palpable, circumscribed, pleas and larger and deeper than a papule .622 cm in diameter extends to dermal area, benign or malignant tumor
Nodule
127
small raised circumscribes lesion that contains pus. Usually that’s the 1 cm in diameter acne Pustular psoriasis.
Pustule
128
Solid elevated leaves, larger than 2 cm and diameter that extends into the dermal and subcutaneous layers
Tumor
129
A visual or bluster larger than 1 cm in diameter, second-degree burns, severe poison oak
bulla
130
Elevated firm, rounded lesion with booklist skin, mass swelling that varies in size, shape, and colored paler in the center and surrounding it as a company by itching, hives, insect bites
wheal
131
linear scratch marks or traumatize abrasions of the epidermis, scratches, abrasions, chemical or thermal
excoriations
132
Small slit, or crack, like sore that extends into dermal and could be caused by continuous inflammation, or drying
fissure
133
An open store oration that expensive the dermis and usually heals with scarring presser sore basal cell carcinoma
Ulcer
134
Flat pigmented circumscribed area, less than 1 cm in diameter freckle, flat mole , rash
macule
