Chapter 5 Flashcards
___________ conduct electricity and have solvated individual ions as part of the solution
electrolytes
_______ electrolytes completely dissolve (break up into individual ions)
strong
Ex) NaCl
_______ electrolytes will partially dissolve
weak
Ex) weak acids
____electrolytes are covalent compounds; do not ionize to any degree upon solvation
non
name the 6 strong acids-
HCl
HBr
HI
HNO3
HClO4
H2SO4
in water, they will fall apart
What are the 4 compounds that undergo gas evolution reactions?
H2S
H2CO3
H2SO3
NH4OH
what happens in precipitation reaction?
a solid forms from 2 aqueous ionic solutions
[solid forms]
use solubility table
~double displacement
what happens in acid-base reaction?
a H+ is transferred from an acid to a base
[heat is released, pH changes, color change with indicator]
~double displacement
what happens in gas-forming reaction?
a gas forms from 2 aqueous solutions
[gas forms]
~double displacement, then decomposition
what happens in redox reaction?
an e- is transferred from one chemical to another- redox numbers change
[color change + heat]
~synthesis/single replacement/combustion
what happens in combustion reaction?
a hydrocarbon is ripped apart by atmospheric oxygen [O2]
All hydrocarbons combust!
[energy- heat and light released]
C-C and C-H > CO, HO
CO2 and H2O = products
the oxidation of an atom in a free element is-
0
the oxidation state of a monoatomic ion is=
equal to its charge
oxidation states are helpful for determining if a _________________ has taken place
redox reaction
[way to count e-]
in their compounds, metals have ___________ oxidation states
positive
