Chapter 5

Question 1

opiods?

Answer 1

drugs with analgesic (pain reducing) properties that act in the brain like opium

Question 2

narcotics?

Answer 2

a general term technically referring to opiate-
related or opiate-derived drugs. It is often mistakenly used to include several other illicit drug categories as well

Question 3

opium?

Answer 3

an analgesic and euphoriant drug acquired
from the dried juice of the opium poppy

Question 4

Thomas Sydenham?

Answer 4

an English physician; considered the father of clinical medicine. He introduced a popular opium drink called Sydenham’s Laudanum in 1680

Question 5

Paracelsus?

Answer 5

a physician; introduced a medical drink w/ opium, wine, and spices.

Question 6

morphine?

Answer 6

the major active ingredient in opium; founded by Friedrich Wilhelm Adam Seturner, a German drug clerk.
-a yellowish white substance in raw opium
-about 10% of the total weight of opium, but 10x stronger than raw opium

Question 7

codeine?

Answer 7

One of the 3 active ingredients in opium, used primarily to treat coughing
-0.5% of raw opium

Question 8

thebaine?

Answer 8

One of the 3 active ingredients in opium
-0.2% of raw opium

Question 9

heroin?

Answer 9

a chemical derivative of morphine. It is
approximately 3x as potent as morphine and
a major drug of abuse
-introduced in 1898

Question 10

black tar?

Answer 10

a potent form of heroin, generally brownish
in color, originating in Mexico

Question 11

fentanyl?

Answer 11

a chemical derivative of thebaine, used as a prescription painkiller. the street name is China White

Question 12

maloxone?

Answer 12

a pure antagonist for morphine and other opioid drugs. Brand name is Narcan
-turned out to have major therapeutic benefits in the emergency treatment of opioid overdose patients

Question 13

endogenous opioid peptides?

Answer 13

also known as endorphins. A class of chemicals produced inside the body that
mimic the effects of opioid drugs

Question 14

naltrexone?

Answer 14

a long lasting form of naloxone. brand name prior to 1994 was Trexan and has since been changed to ReVia

Question 15

chipping?

Answer 15

the taking of heroin on an occasional basis

Question 16

detoxification?

Answer 16

the process of drug withdrawal in which the body is allowed to rid itself of the chemical
effects of the drug in the bloodstream

Question 17

propoxyphene?

Answer 17

a synthetic (laboratory-based) opioid useful in reducing pain. Brand names are Darvon, Darvocet

Question 18

methadone?

Answer 18

a synthetic (laboratory-based) opioid useful in treating heroin abuse

Question 19

methadone maintenance?

Answer 19

a treatment program for heroin abusers in which heroin is replaced by the long-term intake of methadone

Question 20

LAAM?

Answer 20

the synthetic narcotic drug levo-alpha acetylmethadol, used in the treatment of heroin abuse. Brand name is Orlaam

Question 21

buprenorphine?

Answer 21

a synthetic (laboratory-based) opioid used in the treatment of heroin abuse. Brand names are Subutex and (in combination with naloxone) Suboxone

Question 22

therapeutic communities?

Answer 22

living environments for individuals in treatment for heroin and other drug abuse, where they learn social and psychological skills needed to lead a drug-free life

Question 23

multimodality programs?

Answer 23

treatment programs in which a combination of detoxification, psychotherapy, and group support is implemented

Question 24

antitussive?

Answer 24

having an effect that controls coughing

Question 25

dextromethorphan?

Answer 25

a popular non-narcotic ingredient used in over-the-counter cough remedies. The “DM” designation on these preparations refers to dextromethorphan.