Chapter 5

Question 1

Principal of accountability

Answer 1

the actions of police are subject to review and individuals can lodge complaints

Question 2

Ways that the police are reviewed

Answer 2

Boards and committees, oversight acts, investigative units

Question 3

Code of ethics

Answer 3

a standard of ethics that guides the police when using discression

Question 4

Use of discretion

Answer 4

There is no set laws guiding discression, but the more serious the case the less discretion afforded to the officer.

Question 5

Typifications

Answer 5

Constructs based on a patorl officer’s experience in a neighborhood about the typical people and events that occur

Question 6

Recipes of action

Answer 6

actions were taken by a patrol officers when they encounter someone outside the typification

Question 7

Bias-free policing

Answer 7

decisions are not based on appearance or steriotypes

Question 8

Racial profiling

Answer 8

any action taken based on a stereotype and without reasonable grounds

Question 9

Issues with racial profiling

Answer 9

Racial profiling can result in the over-policing and pretext policing in certain neighbourhoods based on the demographic of the population

Question 10

Over-policing

Answer 10

when a disproportionate amount of officers focus on one area

Question 11

Pretext policing

Answer 11

stops or searches for minor offenses or reasons

Question 12

Criminal profiling

Answer 12

marking certain people based on intelligence as more likely to commit a crime

Question 13

Ways of racial profiling

Answer 13

Street checks and carding target more discriminated groups

Question 14

Street checks

Answer 14

when a person is randomly stopped on the street for a check

Question 15

Carding

Answer 15

when a person is randomly checked for driver license or other id

Question 16

Use of force

Answer 16

Police are given legal authority to use force but only under certain situations

Question 17

Four rules of use of force

Answer 17

1. When using force they must be authorized
2. Act on reasonable groups
3. Only use one level of force above the curent situation
4. Responsible for excessive use of force

Question 18

Authority

Answer 18

Police are granted the use of authority under the criminal code to detain a person or use force only when nesesarcy

Question 19

One plus one rule

Answer 19

Only using one level of force above the person

Question 20

Entrapment

Answer 20

creating a situation for a person to commit a crime

Question 21

Entrapment problems

Answer 21

creates situational criminals who may have never committed a crime if the situation had not occured

Question 22

Mr. Big sting

Answer 22

When an officer. goes undercover to get evidence or a confession

Question 23

Mr. Big Sting issues

Answer 23

the officer undercover might also commit offences and the people being investigated are not given legal safeguards

Question 24

Search and seizure

Answer 24

The collection of evidence at arrest

Question 25

Search and seizure debate

Answer 25

Evidence is sometimes thrown out at trial due to it being taken illegally

Question 26

Primary roles of the police

Answer 26

crime control , order maintance ,crime prevention

Question 27

Crime control

Answer 27

Responding and investigating crimes

Question 28

Order maintance

Answer 28

Disrupting and preventing certain behaviours. Including controlling protests

Question 29

Crime prevention

Answer 29

Providing services to prevent crime before it happens

Question 30

Working personality

Answer 30

attributes and behaviours that develop due to the role of police officers. They see their job as a life style creating an us vs them mentality

Question 31

On job challenges

Answer 31

occupational, départemental , mental and phyiscal , traumatic events, impacts