Chapter 5 Flashcards
WHY DO YOU THINK IS IT IMPORTANT FOR US STUDENT NURSES TO STUDY
THE LESSONS DISCUSSED? FROM HUMAN ORGANISM TO SKELETAL SYSTEM.
EXPLAIN CONCRETELY AND PRECISELY. GIVE AN EXAMPLE.
.
DEFINE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
Integumentary system is the largest organ of the body that forms a physical
barrier between the external environment and the internal environment that it serves to
protect and maintain.
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF EPIDERMIS?
The primary function of the epidermis is to protect your body by keeping things that
might be harmful out and keeping the things your body needs to function properly in.
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF MELANIN TO THE SKIN?
Melanin is the group of pigments primarily responsible for skin color. It provides
the skin protection against ultraviolet light from the sun.
WHAT AREA OF THE SKIN STRUCTURE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR “GOOSE BUMP”
FORMATION OF THE SKIN?
Arrector Pili Muscle
ENUMERATE THE FIVE LAYERS OF THE EPIDERMIS OR ALSO CALLED THE FIVE
STRATA.
Stratum basale, Stratum spinosum, Stratum granulosum, Stratum Lucidum, and
Stratum corneum
EFFECTS OF AGING ON THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM.
blood flow to the skin is reduced, the skin becomes thinner, and elasticity is lost.
MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
protection, sensation, vitamin D protection, temperature regulation, and
excretion
WHAT ARE THE TWO LAYERS OF THE SKIN?
Epidermis
Dermis
People with albinism have a defect in tyrosinase, an oxidase that helps to control skin
pigment production. In what epidermal layer is tyrosinase active?
Stratum basale
It is located in the dermis, are simple or compound alveolar glands to produce sebum
and oily, white substance rich in lipids?
Sebaceous glands
It is a small part of the nail matrix that can be seen through the nail body as a whitish,
crescent-shaped area at the base of the nail.
Lunula
Major source of energy of the body’s cell.
Glucose
Name the types of skin cancer.
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Malignant Melanoma
What is the normal body temperature of human being?
37°c ( 98.6°F)
Does the largest organ in the body, “skin,” which oversees the entire integumentary
system have any significance? Why?
The skin is regarded as the largest organ of the complete body because it is the
largest organ that is external to the body’s systems. That raises the question of how
significant the skin is as the greatest organ. The answer is a resounding YES since it
guards the body against illnesses and harsh temperatures, keeps fluid levels in check,
synthesizes vitamin D, and gives us the ability to feel or touch things.
What do you call a gland that is a highly evolved and specialized organ present in pairs,
one on each side of the anterior wall?
Mammary gland
NAME THE COMPONENTS OF THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM.
skin
subcutaneous tissue
hair
glands
nails
What structures contains connective tissue, blood vessels and nerves?
Papillary and reticular dermis
It is composed of dense collagenous connective tissue containing fibroblasts,
adipocytes, and macrophages.
Dermis
Explain how the integumentary system can be used as a diagnostic aid.
The integumentary system is useful in diagnosis because it is observed easily and often reflects
events occuring in other parts of the body.
What does integument mean?
Covering
What is the difference between dermis and epidermis?
Themain differencebetween dermis and epidermis is thatdermis is a tissue below the epidermis, containing living cells whereas epidermis is the outermost part of the body, protecting it from dehydration, trauma, and infections.
What are the 2 major types of sweat glands?
Eccrine or merocrine sweat glands and Apocrine sweat glands
Which gland of the skin are responsible for cooling the body?
Sweat gland
What is the main role of the two-top layer of the skin?
The epidermis serves as a waterproof barrier and is responsible for skin tone. The
dermis is the layer of skin beneath the epidermis that contains tough connective tissue, hair
follicles, and sweat glands.
People with albinism have a defect in tyrosinase, an oxidase that helps to control skin pigment
production. In what epidermal layer is tyrosinase active?
Stratum basale
Given this characteristics: epidermis and dermis destroyed, painless, also called “full thickness
burn” and much scar tissue formed, what do you call for the type of burn that is described by the
given characteristics?
Third-degree burn
What is hair papilla?
It is an extension of the dermis that protrudes into the hair bulb.
Describe what happens during keratinization.
In keratinization, newly formed cells in the basal layers experience a
developmental process as it is pushed to the surface. With the relocation of cells, they
tend to build up keratin. Simultaneously, the nucleus, cytoplasm, and other organelles
vanish and the cells die.
State the layers of the skin from most superficial to most deep.
-STRATUM CORNEUM
-STRATUM LUCIDUM
-STRATUM GRANULOSUM
-STRATUM SPINOSUM
-STRATUM BASALE
During this phase, the hair follicle is completely at rest and the club hair is completely formed.
What do you call this phase?
Telogen (Resting phase)
What is the difference between First- degree burn, Second- degree burn and Third-degree burn?
First-degree burns are red and painful. They swell a little and turn white when you press on
them. The skin over the burn may peel off in a day or two. This is the least severe type of burn, affecting
only the outer layer of skin. Second-degree burns have blisters and are painful. They affect both the outer
and thicker middle layer of skin. Third-degree burns cause damage to all layers of the skin. The burned
skin looks white or charred. These burns may cause little or no pain if nerves are damaged.
True or False. It is possible for a woman to have stretch marks on her abdomen without having experience in
pregnancy.
TRUE
The papillary and reticular layers of the dermis are composed mainly of ________.
It is composed of Loose Connective tissue (LCT) and is highly vascular. The reticular dermis
shows thick collagen bundles and forms the bulk of the dermal layer.
