Chapter 2 Flashcards
What are the two subdivisions of energy?
Potential and Kinetic Energy
True or False. Potential energy is stored energy.
TRUE
It is the unique number of protons in each atom of the element.
Atomic number
How many electrons in its valence shell has a stronger electronegativity.
8
True or False. Dissociation is the separation of ions in an ionic compound by water molecules.
True.
What is a weak chemical bond that provides the three dimensional structure of large molecules like proteins and DNA?
Hydrogen Bonds
Glycogen and starch are examples of a specific category of carbohydrates called ________.
Polysaccharides
The three Major Parts of cell
Cell membrane / Plasma membrane Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Name the three subatomic particles
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
It is a two-dimensional representation of electron cloud.
Electron Shell
Enumerate the three major types of chemical bonds.
Ionic
Covalent
Hydrogen
An ______ is a protein that catalyzes biochemical reactions.
Enzyme
Anything that has mass and takes up space.
Matter
It is the amount of energy needed to start a reaction.
Activation Energy
The nucleus is surrounded by what subatomic particles?
Electrons
A reaction has a positive delta G. This means…
It is endergonic
It is formed when two or more atoms are chemically combine to form a structure.
Molecule
Sex cells necessary for reproduction are called…
Meiosis
A highly viscous substance enclosed within the cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Account for over 50 percent of the organic matter in the body and have the most varied function of the organic molecules. Some are construction materials; others play vital roles in cell function.
Protein
The most common element in the human body is _________.
OXYGEN
A combination of a composition reaction and a synthesis reaction.
Exchange reaction
True or False. Cation are positively charged ions.
TRUE.
What is the most abundant gas in the human body?
Nitrogen
All of the reactions that are at one time occuring.
Metabolism
Contains the cell’s genetic material.
Nucleus
Produce secretions that create an environment unsuitable for some microorganisms.
Gland
The amount of reactants relative to the amount of products remains constant.
Equilibrium
What is compound?
Two or more different types of atoms combined.
What is the simplest type of matter having unique chemical properties?
Element
These are substances that dissolve in nonpolar solvents, such as alcohol or acetone, but not in polar solvents, such as water
Lipids
Enumerate the four main protein shapes.
- Primary Structure
- Secondary Structure
- Tertiary Structure
- Quaternary Structure
This acts as a barrier on the surface of the water and allows insects to walk on the surface of the water.
SURFACE TENSION
When an atom donates an electron to another atom, it becomes…
An ion
It is a compound that contains carbon and hydrogen as their primary structural component (Llorin)
Organic compound
_______ are basically flat molecules formed of four interlocking rings; thus their structure differs quite a bit from that of fats.
Steroids
