Chapter 5

Question 1

Homogeneous mixtures are called

Answer 1

solutions

Question 2

the minor component of the solution is called the what

Answer 2

solute

Question 3

The major component is called the

Answer 3

solvent

Question 4

solutes are often described qualitatively as what?

Answer 4

dilute or concentrated

Question 5

have a small amount of solute compared to solvent.

Answer 5

dilute solutions

Question 6

have a large amount of solute compared to solvent.

Answer 6

concentrated solutions

Question 7

A common way to mathematically express
solution concentration is

Answer 7

molarity (M)

Question 8

is the amount of solute (in moles) divided by the volume of solution (in liters)

Answer 8

molarity

Question 9

Often, solutions are stored as concentrated

Answer 9

stock solutions

Question 10

there is an uneven distribution of what within the water molecule

Answer 10

electrons

Question 11

oxygen side of a water molecule has what kind of charge

Answer 11

partial negative charge

Question 12

hydrogen side of a water molecule has what kind of charge

Answer 12

partial positive charge

Question 13

free moving charged particles able to conduct electricity

Answer 13

electrolytes

Question 14

Ionic compounds are strong what

Answer 14

electrolytes

Question 15

Molecular compounds (except for acids), dissolve in water as what

Answer 15

intact molecules: non-electrolytes

Question 16

what are acids when they dissolve in water

Answer 16

molecular compounds that ionize

Question 17

acids that ionize virtually 100% are called

Answer 17

strong acids

Question 18

Acids that only ionize a small percentage are called

Answer 18

weak acids

Question 19

when the anions and cations are separated from each other. This is called

Answer 19

dissociation

Question 20

Slide 29

what happens when ionic compounds dissolve in water

Answer 20

the anions and cations separate from each other

Question 21

what happens When compounds containing polyatomic ions
dissociate

Answer 21

the polyatomic group stays together as one ion.

Question 22

what happens when strong acids dissolve in water,

Answer 22

the molecule ionizes into H+ and anions.

Question 23

slide 33

Answer 23

–

Question 24

when solid completely dissolves that form strong electrolyte

Answer 24

soluble

Question 25

not soluble

Answer 25

insoluble

Question 26

reactions in which a solid
forms when we mix two solutions.

Answer 26

Precipitate reactions

Question 27

Reactions between aqueous solutions of ionic
compounds produce an ionic compound that is insoluble in water.

Answer 27

Precipitate reactions

Question 28

The insoluble product is called a

Answer 28

Precipitate

Question 29

An equation showing the complete neutral
formulasfor each compound in the aqueous
reaction as if they existed as molecules is called
a

Answer 29

molecular equation

Question 30

Equations that describe the material’s
structure when dissolved are called

Answer 30

complete ionic equations

Question 31

An ionic equation in which the spectator ions are
removed is called a

Answer 31

net ionic equations

Question 32

ions that don’t change in the reaction

Answer 32

spectator ions

Question 33

is a chemical equation showing the complete, neutral formulas for every compound in a reaction.

Answer 33

molecular equation

Question 34

is a chemical equation showing all of the species as they are actually present in solution: strong electrolytes are therefore represented as their component ions.

Answer 34

complete ionic equation

Question 35

is an equation showing only the
species that actually change during the reaction.

Answer 35

net ionic equation

Question 36

An acid reacts with a base and the two
neutralize each other, producing a salt and
water.

Answer 36

Acid–Base Reaction or (neutralization reactions)

Question 37

a gas forms, resulting in bubbling.

Answer 37

gas-evolution reaction

Question 38

Substance that produces H+

Answer 38

acid

Question 39

contain more than one ionizable proton
and release them sequentially.

Answer 39

polyprotic acids

Question 40

Substance that produces OH- ions in aqueous solution

Answer 40

base

Question 41

the H+ from the acid molecule is
donated to a water molecule to form

Answer 41

hydronium ion

Question 42

n the reaction of an acid with a base, what happens

Answer 42

the H+ from
the acid combines with the OH from the base to
make water.

Question 43

is a laboratory procedure where a substance in
a solution of known concentration (titrant) is reacted
with another substance in a solution of unknown
concentration (analyte).

Answer 43

titration

Question 44

known concentration

Answer 44

titrant

Question 45

unknown concentration

Answer 45

analyte

Question 46

is the point in the titration when
the H+ and OH− from reactants are in their stoichiometric
ratio and are completely reacted.

Answer 46

equivalence point

Question 47

is a dye whose color depends on the acidity
or basicity of solution.

Answer 47

indicator

Question 48

two aqueous solutions mix to form a gaseous product that bubbles out of solution.

Answer 48

gas-evolution reaction

Question 49

do note cards for slide 73

Question 50

The reactions in which electrons are
transferred from one reactant to the other
are called

Answer 50

oxidation-reduction reactions. (redox reactions)

Question 51

Each element in a chemical reaction is assigned
a number called the

Answer 51

oxidation state