Chapter 5

Question 1

An elongated cleft, gap, or crack in a bone is called a

Answer 1

Fissure

Question 2

A _____ is a rough patch on a bone (often used for muscle attachment)

Answer 2

Tuberosity

Question 3

A small rounded projection on a bone (often for muscle attachment) is called a

Answer 3

Tubercle

Question 4

A _____ is a smooth, rounded articular surface

Answer 4

Condyle

Question 5

A hole in a bone is a

Answer 5

Foramen

Question 6

A large passageway through a bone is called a

Answer 6

Canal

Question 7

A shallow depression or recession on a bone surface is called a

Answer 7

Fossa

Question 8

The shaft of a long bone is called the

Answer 8

Diaphysis

Question 9

A small, flat, smooth articular surface is a

Answer 9

Facet

Question 10

An enlarged end of a long bone is called the

Answer 10

Epiphysis

Question 11

_____ covers the ends of a long bone where it forms joints with the other bones.

Answer 11

Articular cartilage

Question 12

The connective tissue sheath that wraps around bones is called

Answer 12

Periosteum

Question 13

The process of removing and recycling bone matrix is called _____ and is accomplished by ______

Answer 13

Osteolysis; osteoclasts

Question 14

Creates new bone matrix

Answer 14

Osteoblasts

Question 15

Bone matrix is deposited in layers called

Answer 15

Lamellae

Question 16

Two cells that rely most on carefully regulated levels of calcium are

Answer 16

Muscle cells and neurons

Question 17

Osteoclasts are typically found in exposed sites lining the ___

Answer 17

Marrow cavity

Question 18

At the center of each osteon is a

Answer 18

Central canal

Question 19

A major role of the central canal is to

Answer 19

Nourish osteocytes

Question 20

An osteocyte was formerly an ____ before it was surrounded by bone matrix

Answer 20

Osteoblast

Question 21

If calcium levels in your blood were too low, activation of ____ would help to raise the blood calcium levels.

Answer 21

Osteoclasts

Question 22

If calcium levels in your blood were too high, activation of ____ would help to lower the blood calcium levels.

Answer 22

Osteoblasts

Question 23

Osteocytes are found inside

Answer 23

Lacunae

Question 24

Can be found in the central canal

Answer 24

Blood vessels (arteries and veins)

Question 25

Small pathways within the bone matrix that contain cellular processes of osteocytes are called

Answer 25

Canaliculi

Question 26

Dissolves bone matrix

Answer 26

Osteoclasts

Question 27

The cylindrical arrangement of bone tissue surrounding central canals are called

Answer 27

Osteons

Question 28

The _____ is located in the marrow cavity and contains stem cells, osteoblasts and osteoclasts

Answer 28

Endosteum

Question 29

The bar-like struts and plates that form in spongy bone are called

Answer 29

Trabeculae

Question 30

Appositional growth causes a bone to increase in

Answer 30

Diameter

Question 31

The most common method of bone formation involves replacement of ____ with bone

Answer 31

Cartilage

Question 32

The femur forms through _______ ossification

Answer 32

Endochondrial

Question 33

The roofing bones of the skull form through _______ ossification

Answer 33

Intramembranous

Question 34

If a bone has an epiphyseal cartilage it is

Answer 34

Growing

Question 35

The process by which bone tissue forms between flat connective tissue membranes is called

Answer 35

Intramembranous ossification

Question 36

The process of forming bone from a cartilage model is called

Answer 36

Endochondrial ossification

Question 37

The epiphysis and diaphysis of a growing long bone are connected by the

Answer 37

Epiphyseal cartilage

Question 38

Fracture where the bone is broken across it’s long axis

Answer 38

Transverse fracture

Question 39

A mass of bone and cartilage that stabilizes a broken bone

Answer 39

Callus

Question 40

A fracture that shatters the bone in many fragments

Answer 40

Comminuted fracture