Chapter 5

Question 1

What are shells?

Answer 1

Energy levels. They are made up of atomic orbitals

Question 2

What are atomic orbitals?

Answer 2

Regions around the nucleus which can hold up to 2 electrons with opposite spins. There are s,p,d,f orbitals. Each orbital has a different shape

Question 3

Shape of orbitals

Answer 3

S orbitals-sphere

P orbitals-dumb-bell

Question 4

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 4

Electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

Question 5

What are the structure of ionic compounds?

Answer 5

A giant ionic lattice.

Question 6

Properties of ionic compounds

Answer 6

High melting and boiling point
Many ionic compounds dissolve in polar solvents
Can conduct electricity if dissolved in water or is in a liquid state

Question 7

What is covalent bonding?

Answer 7

Strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms. It is the overlap of atomic orbitals.

Question 8

What is a double and triple bond?

Answer 8

Double bond-electrostatic attraction is between 2 shared pair of electrons
Triple bond-electrostatic attraction is between 3 shared pair of electrons

Question 9

What is a dative bond?

Answer 9

Covalent bond in which the shared pair of electrons had been supplied by only one of the bonding atoms

Question 10

What is the average bond enthalpy?

Answer 10

Serves as a measurement of covalent bond strength