Chapter 4 Flashcards
What do acids release when dissolved in water?
Hydrogen ions/protons
What is a strong acid?
Acid which releases all its hydrogen atoms into solution as ions and completely dissociates.
What is a weak acid?
Only releases a small proportion of its available hydrogen atoms into solution as H+ ions. It partially dissociates in aqueous solution.
What are bases?
Compound that neutralises an acid to form a salt
What is an alkali?
Base that dissolves in water releasing hydroxide ions into the solution
What is neutralisation?
H+ ions reacting with a base to form a salt and neutral water. H+ ions are replaced by metal or ammonium ions
What does neutralisation of acids with hydroxides or oxides produce?
Salt and water
What does the neutralisation of acids with carbonates produce?
Salt, water and carbon dioxide
What is a titration?
A titration is used to accurately measure the volume of one solution that reacts exactly with another solution. They can be used for finding the concentration of a solution, identification of unknown chemicals and finding the purity of the substance
What is the oxidation number?
Measure of the number of electrons that an atom uses to bond with atoms of another element
What is the oxidation number for elements?
It is always 0
What is reduction and oxidation?
Oxidation-addition of oxygen , loss of electrons
Reduction-removal of oxygen, gain of electrons
