Chapter 48 Flashcards
Types of circulatory systems
Open circulatory system
Closed circulatory system
Primary functions of circulatory systems
Transport necessary materials to the cells
Transport waste products away from the cells to be released into the environment
Basic components of some arthropods and mollusks open circulatory system
Hemolymph (instead of blood)
Vessels
one or more hearts
Hemolyph
mixture of circulatory fluid and interstitial fluid
Open circulatory systems
Arthropods and some mollusks
Closed circulatory systems
All vertebrates
Earthworms
Cephalopods
Typical Features of Closed Circulation
One or more contractile, muscular hearts
Solutes exchanged with environment and body cells
Adjusted to match the animal’s metabolic demands.
Capacity to heal themselves when wounded (clots)
System grows in size as an animal grows
Advantages of closed circulation
Animal can grow larger with efficient supply
Blood flow can be selectively controlled
Single circulation
Found in fishes.
Single atrium collects blood from tissues.
Single ventricle pumps blood out of the heart.
Arteries carry blood away from the heart to the gills.
Blood picks up oxygen, drops off carbon dioxide in gills.
Freshly oxygenated blood continues on through arteries to other body tissues.
Oxygen and nutrients delivered to tissues, carbon dioxide diffuses into
blood.
Partially deoxygenated blood returns to the heart via veins
double circulation
found in mammals
birds
crocodiles
Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separates into
two distinct circuts
2 atria
2 ventricles
Pulmonary circulation
receives deoxygenated blood from right ventricle
delivers blood to lungs
Systemic circulation - to the body
receives oxygenated blood from left ventricle
Delivers blood to the body
Major advantage of double
circulation
is two different blood
pressures in two different systems
composition of blood
plasma
cells
