Chapter 41 Flashcards
(25 cards)
Cells group to form
tissues
tissues group to form
organs
organs are linked to form
organ systems
Tissue
Muscle tissue
Nervous tissue
Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Bronchioles
Air tubes
Controlled by smooth muscle
Nervous tissue
Complex network of neurons
Electrical signals produced in one neuron may stimulate or inhibit other neurons to:
Initiate new electrical signals.
Stimulate muscle cells to contract.
Stimulate glandular cells to release chemicals.
Epithelial tissue
Sheets of densely packed cells that..
Cover the body or enclose organs
Line the walls of body cavities
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Specialized to protect and to secrete and absorb ions and organic molecule
cells are arranged to form different types of tissue
Simple – one layer
Stratified – multiple layers
Pseudostratified – one layer, but appears stratified
Transitional – multiple layers; can expand and contract
True or false
Epithelial tissues are asymmetrical or polarized
True
Connective tissues
Connect, surround, anchor, and support
Includes blood, adipose, bone, cartilage, loose and
dense connective tissue
Connective tissues Form extracellular matrix (ECM) around cells
Provides scaffold for attachment
Protects and cushions
Mechanical strength
Transmit information
Proteins of the ECM consist of two types:
Collagen and elastin (fibers)
Adhesive proteins
Organs are composed of
two or more kinds of tissues
Organ system
Different organs work together to perform an overall function
Organ development and function are controlled by
hox genes
HoxA-3 influences
neck development
Similar structure suggests
Similar function
All cells, tissues, and organs that mediate diffusion require
extensive surface area
Homeostasis
Process of maintaining a relatively stable internal
environment despite changes in external surrounding
Homeostatic mechanisms
restore blood glucose to normal levels in
the blood
Set point
normal value for controlled variable
Sensor
monitors particular variable
Integrator
compares signals from the sensor to set point
