Chapter 47/Mobility and Immobility

Question 1

Coordinated efforts of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems

Answer 1

Body mechanics

Question 2

refers to posture

Answer 2

alignment and balance

Question 3

weight force exerted on the body

Answer 3

gravity

Question 4

force that occurs in a direction opposite to movement

Answer 4

friction

Question 5

provides attachments for muscles and ligaments and protects vital organs, provides leverage for movement

Answer 5

skeletal system

Question 6

Types of bones (4)

Answer 6

short, long, flat, irregular

Question 7

coordination and regulation of muscle groups depends upon:

Answer 7

muscle tone; activity of antagonistic synergistic, and anti gravity muscles; and neural input to muscles

Question 8

Bind joints together and connect bones and cartilage

Answer 8

ligaments

Question 9

connect muscle to bone

Answer 9

tendons

Question 10

a supportive tissue; located in joints, thorax, trachea, larynx, nose, and ears; temporary or permanent

Answer 10

cartilage

Question 11

regulates movement and posture; motor fibers from the right motor strip initiate voluntary movement for the left side of the body and vice versa

Answer 11

nervous system

Question 12

Name 4 pathological influences on mobility

Answer 12

postural abnormalities
impaired muscle development
damage to central nervous system (CNS)
musculoskeletal trauma

Question 13

ability to move about freely

Answer 13

mobility

Question 14

inability to move about freely

Answer 14

immobility

Question 15

an intervention that restricts patients for therapeutic reasons

Answer 15

bed rest

Question 16

Systemic effects: endocrine, calcium absorption, and GI function

Answer 16

metabolic changes

Question 17

Systemic effects: orthostatic hypotension, thrombus

Answer 17

cardiovascular changes

Question 18

Systemic effects: loss of muscle mass, muscle atrophy

Answer 18

muscle changes

Question 19

Systemic effects: urinary stasis, renal calculi

Answer 19

urinary elimination changes

Question 20

Systemic effects: atelectasis and hypostatic pneumonia

Answer 20

respiratory changes

Question 21

loss of endurance and muscle mass and decreased stability and balance

Answer 21

musculoskeletal changes

Question 22

impaired calcium absorption, joint abnormalities

Answer 22

skeletal effects

Question 23

pressure ulcer, ischemia

Answer 23

integumentary effects