Chapter 46 - The role of U/S in Evaluating Female Infertility

Question 1

1.Which one of the following statements about infertility is false? a. infertility is the inability to conceive within 12 months with regular coitus b. infertility affects one in three couples in the United States c. infertility in 40% of patients is attributable to men d. infertility in 20% of patients is attributable to either the man or the woman or is unexplained

Answer 1

B

Question 2

2. When evaluating the patient who is infertile, in addition to assessing structural anatomy, the sonographer should evaluate the: a. endometrium b. presence of corpus lute c. presence of follicular cysts d. vagina

Answer 2

A

Question 3

3. The uterine anomaly most frequently associated with a high incidence of infertility is a _____ uterus. a. septate b. bicornuate c. Didelphys d. t-shaped

Answer 3

A

Question 4

4. the triple line sign is associated with which one of the following structures? a. cervix b. vagina c. endometrium d. uterus

Answer 4

C

Question 5

5. The fallopian tubes are evaluated by a sonographic and saline examination to determine which one of the following characteristics? a. Size b. Patency c. Length d. Duplication

Answer 5

B

Question 6

6. A dominant follicle grows at a rate kf ___ to ____ millimeters per day (mm/day). a. 0.5; 1 c. 1;2 d. 1;3

Answer 6

D

Question 7

7. Patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome may have the clinical triad of all of the following characteristics except: a. oligomenorrhea b. hirsutism c. bulimia d. obesit

Answer 7

C

Question 8

8. Complications associated with assisted reproductive technologies include all of the following expect: a. hyper stimulation b. multiple gestations c. cervical stenosis d. ectopic pregnancies

Answer 8

C

Question 9

9. After ovulation, progesterone is secreted by which of the following? a. Graafian follicle b. follicular cyst c. corpus luteum d. hyper stimulation

Answer 9

c

Question 10

10. Endometrial thickness of at least ___ mm is necessary for achieving pregnancy. a. 4 b. 6 c. 8 d. 10

Answer 10

D

Question 11

11. Lack of progesterone production is known as which of the following? a. secondary infertility b. luteal phase deficiency c. polycystic ovarian syndrome d. ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome

Answer 11

B

Question 12

12. The T-shaped uterus is a congenital anomaly caused by which of the following? a. in utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) b. partial fusion of the mullerian ducts c. incomplete fusion of the mullerian ducts d. exposure to radiation

Answer 12

A

Question 13

13. In the luteal phase, the endometrial lining may be thinner than expected from an inadequate level of which of the following? a. estrogen b. progesterone c. luteinizing hormone d. follicular stimulating hormone

Answer 13

B

Question 14

14. Which of the following tends to have a narrow base attachment to the endometrium with a vascular pedicle feeding it? a. endometrial polyp b. submucosal fibroid c. endometrial carcinoma d. synechiae

Answer 14

A

Question 15

15. A hyper echoic linear strand of tissue extending from one wall of the uterine cavity to the other describes which of the following? a. adenomyosis b. decidua basalts c. uterine synechiae d. normal proliferative phase

Answer 15

C

Question 16

16. A normal endometrial response associated with overstimulation is an increasing thickness between 2 to 3 mm and ____ to ___ mm. a. 7 to 10 b. 10 to 20 c. 12 to 14 d. 20 to 25

Answer 16

C

Question 17

17. Producing more luteinizing hormone (LH) than follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) results in which one of the following conditions? a. Meige syndrome b. luteal phase deficiency c. polycystic ovarian syndrome d. ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome

Answer 17

C

Question 18

18. Which one of the following is used as a substitute for luteinizing hormone (LH) to trigger ovulation? a. clomid b. estradiol c. progesterone d. human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)

Answer 18

D

Question 19

19. Which one of the following syndromes demonstrates enlarged ovaries with multiple cysts, abdominal ascites, and pleural effusion? a. polycystic ovarian b. Fritz-hugh-curtis c. ovarian hyperstimulation d. stein-leventhal

Answer 19

C

Question 20

20. Ovarian induction therapy requeires documentation of all follicles greater than ___ mm in both longitudinal and transverse planes. a. 5 b. 10 c. 15 d. 17

Answer 20

B

Question 21

21. Which of the following hormones and follicle size determine the approximate time of ovulation? a. follicular stimulating hormone b. progesterone c. human chorionic gonadotropin d. estradiol

Answer 21

D

Question 22

22. During in vitro fertilization, the optimal placement of the embryo is considered to be within 2 cm of the apex of which one of the following structures? a. cervix b. uterine body c. uterine funds d. cornua

Answer 22

C

Question 23

23. Multiple gestations occur is approximately ____% of in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancies. a. 15 b. 30 c. 50 d. 75

Answer 23

B

Question 24

24. Patients who undergo assisted reproduction procedures have an increased risk factor for a(n) ____ pregnancy. a. molar b. heterotopic c. an embryonic d. mono amniotic and monochorionic

Answer 24

B

Question 25

25. On a baseline pelvic ultrasound, an ovarian cyst greater than ___ mm could interfere with ovarian stimulation. a. 5 b. 8 c. 10 d. 15

Answer 25

D