Chapter 46- Infertility Flashcards
What factor is responsible for about 20% of infertility?
Male factors
what uterine malformation is most likely to cause infertility?
A septated uterus
What is luteal phase deficiency?
a lack of progesterone production that may be associated with infertility and early pregnancy loss.
Can fibroids and polyps impede implantation? What might be a result of removing them?
Yes they may impede implantation/ Removing them may enhance fertility.
What pathology is associated with a 50% decrease in pregnancy rate and a doubling likelihood of miscarriage?
Hydrosalpinx
What is patency in the fallopian tube? Why is this important?
patency describes whether the fallopian tubes are open or blocked. The tube must be open for the sperm to reach the egg.
How is tubal patency assessed?
injecting saline into tube and looking for spillage of fluid into cul-de-sac
What is the average size of a dominant follicle before it ruptures?
2.2 cm or 22 mm
How might PCOS cause infertility?
With PCOS, follicles begin to grow but do not develop normally. The condition may inhibit the release of FSH and LH
What are symptoms of PCOS
oligoovulation, hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries, bleeding and thickened endometrium, hirtuism
Periotoneal factors may cause 25% of infertility cases. What does this entail?
adhesions and endometriosis
What is Ovarian Induction Therapy
treatment in which ovarian stimulation achieved in controlled setting
Sonographers must count and measure all follicles that meet what criteria?
Follicles must be greater than 10mm in long and transverse planes
What is In Vitro Fertlization
fertilizing an oocyte outside body
How does IVF work?
Mature oocytes are collected and mixed in dish with a sample of sperm. Resulting embryos then placed back into uterus.
