Chapter 44 - Osmoregulation and Excretion

Question 1

osmoregulation

Answer 1

Regulation of solute concentrations and water balance by a cell or organism.

Question 2

excretion

Answer 2

The disposal of nitrogen-containing metabolites and other waste products.

Question 3

osmolarity

Answer 3

Solute concentration expressed as molarity.

Question 4

osmoconformer

Answer 4

An animal that is isosmotic with its environment.

Question 5

osmoregulator

Answer 5

An animal that controls its internal osmolarity independent of the external environment.

Question 6

anhydrobiosis

Answer 6

A dormant state involving loss of almost all body water.

Question 7

transport epithelium

Answer 7

One or more layers of specialized epithelial cells that carry out and regulate solute movement.

Question 8

ammonia

Answer 8

A small, toxic molecule (NH₃) produced by nitrogen fixation or as a metabolic waste product of protein and nucleic acid metabolism.

Question 9

uric acid

Answer 9

A product of protein and purine metabolism and the major nitrogenous waste product of insects, land snails, and many reptiles. Uric acid is relatively nontoxic and largely insoluble.