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Business Studies > Chapter 42- Communication > Flashcards

Chapter 42- Communication Flashcards

1
Q

Why does communication need to be effective?

A
  • Vital for a business to operate in an efficient manner.
  • Information needs to be clearly understood and accurate.
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2
Q

What are the reasons communication is important to a business?

A
  • number of mistakes made within a business is reduced
  • decision making process will be enhanced if communication can take place quickly.
  • Employees will feel a sense of belonging (maslow theory) and involvement (mayos theory)
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3
Q

What does communication involve?

A
  • The information (the message)
  • Transmitter (who sends the message)
  • Transmission (method of signal)
  • Receiver
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4
Q

What are the types of communication?

A
  • One-way communication
  • Two-way communication
  • Open communication
  • Closed communication
  • Vertical communication
  • Horizontal communication
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5
Q

What is one-way communication?

A
  • Simplest form of communication
  • Usually in the form of an order
  • Receiver has no right of reply
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6
Q

Advantages of one-way communication

A
  • Easy to use
  • Cheaper than two-way
  • No pressure on the sender to justify what is being communicated.
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7
Q

Disadvantages of one-way communication

A
  • May cause frustration to the receiver
  • Less reliable as there is no way to check message
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8
Q

What is two-way communication?

A
  • involves both a sender and a receiver of information
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9
Q

Advantages of two-way communication?

A
  • More effective/ reliable because the receiver is able to gain clarification
  • Receiver feels more involved because they’re able to receive clarification
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10
Q

Disadvantages of two-way communication?

A
  • Takes more time
  • More expensive
  • Puts the sender of the information under pressure to justify the information being sent
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11
Q

What is formal communication?

A
  • Involves rules and procedures
  • Formality may refer to the type of language used
  • memorandum of association, supplier contracts (formalised)
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12
Q

What is informal communication?

A
  • Has little or no established rules for how communication takes place
  • Usually takes place outside of a work environment
  • Language and type of info passed on is unique to people involved
  • It’s passed on verbally (in most cases)
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13
Q

What is open communication?

A
  • Involves the use of language that will be understood by the vast majority of the population
  • Good for business as it intends to reach a large audience
  • Used to communicate with stakeholders outside of a business
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14
Q

What is closed communication ?

A
  • Business may have its own language for internal communication
  • So language will be understood by those within the business but those outside won’t.
  • May also include formal language relating to the business
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15
Q

What is vertical communication?

A
  • Normally associated with
    communication from the management
    being pass
    down to the employees
    -Communication between layers (even in an upwards direction)
  • Communicating with different levels provides an opportunity for employees to feel involved (Mayos theory)
  • Helps get rid of frustration in work environment
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16
Q

What is horizontal communication?

A
  • Involves communication between people on the same level
  • Can be within the same department
17
Q

What are the reasons a channel or network will vary?

A
  • type of leader
  • size of the business
  • experience of the employees
  • type of organisational structure
18
Q

What structure is more likely to use either a wheel or chain network?

A

Centralised structure

19
Q

What is a chain?

A
  • network is normally associated with a formal and vertical hierarchy
  • information can be communicated up and down the hierarchy
  • more likely that much of the communication will be sent down the hierarchical structure
  • a large organisation would use it
  • likely to be a lack of opportunity for those employees at the lower end of the hierarchy to feel involved or to be able to communicate with higher levels of the hierarchy directly
  • possibility of information becoming distorted as it travels through several layers of the hierarchy
20
Q

What would be likely to happen if communication is two-way?

A
  • problems with the length of time it takes
  • it will take time so it’s costly
21
Q

What is a wheel?

A
  • it has the leader at the centre
  • all communication goes through the leader (centralised structure)
  • enables the leader to keep in touch with everything that’s taking place within the business
  • may discourage employee initiative and responsibility as the leader is involved with all the communication
  • not associated with delegation
22
Q

What is a circle?

A
  • restricted network for communication
  • can take place between employees usually within a department or on the same level of hierarchy
  • it will be time- consuming as communication takes place between two people so it’s therefore expensive
23
Q

What is all networks?

A
  • has no set route and allows communication between anyone within the business
  • informal network
  • communication may be quicker
  • more appropriate for a smaller business
24
Q

What does communication media mean?

A
  • Refers to how the message is sent to the receiver
  • E.g. TV, letter, email, telephone
  • The use of information communication technology has speeded up the process of communication evem if set up costs are high
  • NHS hasn’t seen the benefits
25
Q

Barriers to effective communication (shannon and weavers theory)

A

3 main barriers to effective communication
- Technical
- Semantic
- Effectiveness

26
Q

Technical

A
  • This barrier is concerned with the ability of the receiver to receive the information being communicated.
  • E.g if there is too much noise the information will not be heard.
27
Q

Semantic

A
  • Receiver cannot understand the received message
  • E.g slang may have beem used
28
Q

Effectiveness

A
  • Has the message commnicated been acted upon
29
Q

Barriers to effective communication

A
  • Skill of the sender of the message (may be inexperienced or not using the right words)
  • Ability of the receiver (not able to read)
  • Body language (must match the message)
  • Inappropriate medium used
  • Cultural differences (words used may not be received by the receiver in the same way as the sender intended)
  • Size of business
  • Amount of information
30
Q

What are group norms?

A
  • They’re a set of rules within a group
  • Rules will vary depending on the type of group, setting, people involved
  • They relate to the behaviour of the group
31
Q

What can the norms be either?

A
  • Implicit
  • Explicit
32
Q

What is the implicit norm?

A
  • An assumption to a set way to behave, operate, interact with member of the group
33
Q

What is the explicit norm?

A
  • A written set of rules of how to behave (corporate way to do things)
  • E.g. how to answer phone
34
Q

What is a formal group?

A
  • A group of people put together for a reason at work to achieve objectives
35
Q

What is a informal group?

A
  • Group of friends get together outside of work
36
Q

What will depend upon how a person behaves in a group?

A
  • Whether there is a shared view in the group
  • Individual needs of group
  • Purpose of group
  • Formality of group (Formal work group will have a heavier influence)
37
Q

R Bales (group observations) suggested:

A
  • Over time, formal leaders are disliked whereas informal leaders are liked by the group
  • Size of the group influences the level of contributions ( smaller group= higher contributions)
  • Those who contribute a lot will initiate ideas
38
Q

Tannenbaum and Schmidt considered:

A
  • Groups have power over their members as conformity is important
  • As members want to stay in the group they will conform
  • Individual objectives will take second place to group objectives
  • E.g. Trade unions where group objectives override individual objectives.

Business Studies (7 decks)

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