Chapter 4.2 And 4.3 Vocab

Question 1

Observational Study

Answer 1

Observes individuals and measure variables of interest but does not attempt to influence the response. Can not help infer the cause and affect due to disregard for confounding variables. Response Variable. No clear explanatory variable.

Study, survey, bias

Question 2

Experimental Study

Answer 2

Deliberately impose treatment on individuals that are randomly assigned to measure the response. Response variable and explanatory variable. Confounding variables are accounted for. Response can be used to infer cause and effect.

Question 3

Confounding Variables

Answer 3

Occurs when reworded variables are associated in such a way that their effects on a response variable ca not be distinguished form each other

Question 4

Treatment

Answer 4

Condition applied to individuals in an experiment

Question 5

Units

Answer 5

Objects in experiment

Question 6

Subject

Answer 6

Humans in experiment

Question 7

Random Assignment

Answer 7

Means that experimental units are assigned to treatments using a chance process

Question 8

Completely randomized design

Answer 8

The experimental unites are assigned to the treatments completely by chance without regard to the confounding arables with hopes that the difference cancel each other out and represent the population well.

Question 9

Double-blind

Answer 9

Neither the subject nor those who interact with them and measure the response variable know which treatment a subject received

Question 10

Statistically significant

Answer 10

An observed effect so large hat it would ravaleur occur by chance is called statistically significant