Chapter 4.1 Treating your Body Right Flashcards
_______including sugars and starches, are an important source of energy for the body
CARBOHYDRATES
Sugars are ______ carbohydrates, with only one or two linked sugar molecules
SIMPLE
Starches are called _____ because they consist of long chains of glucose units attached together, they can be broken down into individual glucose units
POLYSACCHARIDES
____ is a polysaccharide, but, unlike starch, cannot be broken down by your body into sugars
FIBER
The nutrient that which is used to build and repair the body’s cells is ______
PROTEIN
________ is the lack of proper nutrition because of a poor diet
MALNUTRITION
20 different ____ ____ bulding blocks make up thousands of proteins sound within your body
AMINO ACID
Fats, which are part of a group of nutrients called _____, transport vitamins through the bloodstream, create an extra supply of energy, and prevent dry skin
LIPIDS
_______including sugars and starches, are an important source of energy for the body
CARBOHYDRATES
_____ fat, which is usually found in food made from animal products, is dangerous because it can cause cardiovascular diseases
SATURATED
____ fat, usually found in vegetable oils ( oil is fat that is liquid at room temperature), is better to eat because it is more easily broken down by the digestive system
UNSATURATED
____ are nutrients ( other than carbohydrates, protein, and fats) that originate from living thngs
VITAMINS
Vitamin __, which is essential for normal growth, good eyesight, and healthy skin, is obtained from whole milk, cheese, egg yolks, liver, dark green vegetables, carrots, sweet potatoes, and cantaloupe
A
Vitamin ___ maintains your connective your connective tissue, your immune system, develops strong bones and teeth, and prevents fatigue and allergies
C
The 8 _______ vitamins work together to change food into energy, they are essential for normal metabolism in the body’s cells.
B-COMPLEX
____ are nutrients, such as calcium, potassium, and iron, that originate from nonliving materials like the rocks of the earth
MINERALS
___, which promotes strong bones and is needed in you blood and for muscle contraction, can be obtained by eating milk products or dark green leafy vegetables
CALCIUM
_____ helps muscles move correctly and maintains the water balance of the body’s cells
POTASSIUM
____, a nutrient found in lean meats, egg yolks, whole grains, and dried fruits, enables the blood to carry oxygen around the body
IRON
____ exercise usually requires strength and speed but does not maintain a raised heart rate
ANAEROBIC
____ exercise helps your body by strengthening your heart and lungs and by burning excess body fat
AEROBIC
The enlargement of muscles is called ____
HYPERTROPHY
Failure to use muscles will cause them to ____, or grow smaller
ATROPHY