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Science 7 > Chapter 3.3 Interrelated systems 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 3.3 Interrelated systems 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

The ______ system covers and protects your body

A

INTEGUMENTARY

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2
Q

The top layer of the skin which contains outer layers formed by dead cells and innermost layers made from living cells is the _______

A

EPIDERMIS

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3
Q

_____ is the brown pigment in the skin

A

MELANIN

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4
Q

The ____ is the second layer of skin which is a fibrous structure crisscrossed with a network of blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves

A

DERMIS

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5
Q

The _____ layer is just below the dermis, it contains fat and the major blood vessels of the skin

A

SUBCUTANEOUS

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6
Q

_____ is fat

A

ADIPOSE

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7
Q

Your _____ system supports your body, gives it shape, protects vital structures, and provides attachment for many of your body’s muscles

A

SKELETAL

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8
Q

The soft, fatty tissue in the porous center of a long bone which red blood cells are produced in is the _____

A

MARROW

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9
Q

your _____ are your finger and toe bones

A

PHALANGES

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10
Q

The ____ is a long bone in your upper arm

A

HUMERUS

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11
Q

The ____ is a long bone in your thigh

A

FEMUR

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12
Q

Your ____ in the vertebral column are examples of irregular bones

A

VERTEBRAE

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13
Q

The division that includes the 80 bones of the head, spine, and ribs is the _____ skeleton

A

AXIAL

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14
Q

The part of the skull that surrounds and protects the brain with 8 flat bones that are fused together is the ____

A

CRANIUM

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15
Q

The lower jawbone is the _____

A

MANDIBLE

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16
Q

The two ____ bones, which form the upper jawbone connect to every other facial bone except the mandible

A

MAXILLARY

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17
Q

Hollow spaces that help your voice resonate and lighten your skull are the ____

A

SINUSES

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18
Q

The _______ column, or backbone, consists of 33 vertebrae

A

VERTEBRAL

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19
Q

The breast bone is the ____

A

STERNUM

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20
Q

The 126-bone _____ skeleton includes the bones of the appendages and the bones that connect them to the axial skeleton

A

APPENDICULAR

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21
Q

The collarbones are _____

A

CLAVICLES

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22
Q

The shoulder bones are _____

A

SCAPULAS

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23
Q

The hipbones are called the ____

A

PELVIS

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24
Q

The place where 2 or more bones meet is called a _____

A

JOINT

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25
Q

The bones in movable joints are connected by _____ – strong tough tissues that connect bone to other bones

A

LIGAMENTS

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26
Q

_____ joints allow back-and-forth movement, like knees, elbows, and finger and toe joints.

A

HINGE

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27
Q

______ joints allow turning movements like the head and elbows

A

PIVOT

28
Q

____ and _____ joints are found in the hips and shoulders, they allow you to move your arms and legs in many directions

A

BALL; SOCKET

29
Q

A break or crack in the bone is called a ____

A

FRACTURE

30
Q

A ______ fracture is a crack or break that doesn’t cause the bone to pierce the skin’s surface

A

SIMPLE

31
Q

If the bone actually breaks through the skin’s surface, a _____ fracture has occurred

A

COMPOUND

32
Q

The ends of the movable joints are covered with a smooth tissue that allows the bones to move easily is called ____

A

CARTILAGE

33
Q

The ____ system is responsible for producing the body’s movement

A

MUSCULAR

34
Q

The muscular system contains muscles that you can directly control with the conscious mind, these are called ______ muscles

A

SKELETAL

35
Q

Tough, cordlike _____ attach the skeletal muscles to the skeletal system

A

TENDONS

36
Q

The _____ anchors one end of the skeletal muscle, it is like a bone and it is immovable

A

ORGIN

37
Q

The other end of the skeletal muscle attaches to a moveable part of the body called the _____

A

INSERTION

38
Q

_____ muscles are vital to the body, they are found in the organs and passageways of the respiratory system, the digestive system, and the cardiovascular system. Because they are part of other organs, they are not part of the muscular system

A

INVOLUNTARY

39
Q

The function of your ____ system is too coordinate the activities of the body

A

NERVOUS

40
Q

The _____ _____ system or _ _ _ is the brain and the spinal cord

A

CENTRAL NERVOUS; CNS

41
Q

The ______ _____ system or _ _ _ is composed by the nerves and nerve tissues called ganglia

A

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS; PNS

42
Q

_____ are bundles of fibers that connect the CNS to the rest of the body

A

NERVES

43
Q

The nerves transmit information throughout the body as electrochemical messages called _____

A

IMPULSES

44
Q

The _____ is the chief organ of the nervous system and consist of the cerebrum, the cerebellum, and the _____ stem

A

BRAIN

45
Q

The _____ is the largest part of the brain and controls conscious thought and reason

A

CEREBRUM

46
Q

The ____ is a wrinkled fist-sized mass at the back of the brain below the cerebrum, it is responsible for balance and skeletal muscle coordination. It coordinates activities like walking, writing, speaking, and riding a bike

A

CEREBELLUM

47
Q

The _____ ____ connects the rest of the brain to the spinal cord, it is responsible for the rest of the body’ s automatic activities, including digestion, heartbeat, breathing, and regulation of body temperature

A

BRAIN STEM

48
Q

The ____ ____ is inside the vertebral column an transmits impulses from the brain to the peripheral nervous system, it also controls simple reflexes like withdrawing from pain. It sends your muscles the message to pull your hand away when it touches a hot object

A

SPINAL CORD

49
Q

_____ _____ fibers transmit information to the brain and the spinal cord

A

SENSORY NERVE

50
Q

_____ ____ fibers transmit messages from the CNS to the muscles an the other organs

A

MOTOR NERVE

51
Q

The nervous system contains information about the body through _____ _____, special nerve endings that detect conditions around you

A

SENSORY RECEPTORS

52
Q

_____ are the chemical substances responsible for controlling many automatic activities of the body, including growth and digestion

A

HORMONES

53
Q

A _____ is a structure that forms and releases a chemical substance

A

GLAND

54
Q

The glands of the _____ system are called ____ glands, these release their secretions directly into the bod

A

ENDOCRINE

55
Q

The ____ gland is often called the “master gland” because its hormones control the action of other endocrine glands

A

PITUITARY

56
Q

The ___ gland is a bow-tie shaped gland located in the front of the neck, below the larynx

A

THYROID

57
Q

The thyroid gland produces _____, a hormone that regulates the body’s metabolism

A

THYROXINE

58
Q

The ___ glands work with the thyroid gland to control the amount of calcium in the blood

A

PARATHYROID

59
Q

The ____ glands causes the heart to begin to pound, you to breathe faster, and to perspire when you are very frightened or in stress

A

ADRENAL

60
Q

The inner part of the adrenal gland produces the hormone _____ (commonly called adrenaline), which is responsible for the body’s response to stress, it puts the body on high alert to deal with emergencies.

A

EPINEPHRINE

61
Q

Clusters of endocrine on the inside of the pancreas are called the ____ of ______

A

ISLETS, LANGERHANS

62
Q

____ and _____ regulate sugar levels throughout the body

A

INSULIN, GLUCAGON

63
Q

____ _____ is a disease caused either when not enough insulin is produced ( type 1 diabetes ) or when the body does not respond properly to the insulin that is produced ( type 2 diabetes )

A

DIABETES MELLITUS

64
Q

The small, round ____ gland located in the center of the brain , serves as a clock to control walking and sleeping

A

PINEAL

65
Q

The body system responsible for producing new human beings is the ____ system

A

REPRODUCTIVE

66
Q

The female reproductive cells are called ___

A

EGGS

67
Q

The male reproductive cells are called ____

A

SPERM

Science 7 (26 decks)

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