Chapter 4: Wrist, Forearm, Elbow Flashcards
Which special position of the wrist will open up the interspaces on the ulnar side of the wrist (adjacent interspaces more open on the medial (ulnar) side of the wrist)?
Radial Deviation
Which projection of the elbow best visualizes radial head, neck of the radius and capitulum of humerus free of superimposition?
AP oblique with external rotation
Which position of the elbow results in the least superimposition of the olecranon process - best demonstrates the olecranon process - olecranon process in profile?
Lateral
Which of the following would be present on the image of a properly positioned lateral of the forearm?
1. Olecranon process in profile
2. Elbow in 45° flexion
3. Superimposition of distal radius and ulna (one-half of radial head should be superimposed by the coronoid process)
1 and 3
Which of the following should be on the same plane for a lateral projection of the elbow?
1. hand
2. elbow
3. shoulder
1, 2 and 3
Which of the following projections is used to prevent crossing of the forearm bones?
a. AP projection
b. PA projection
A
Which of the following projections best corrects foreshortening of the scaphoid?
PA in ulnar deviation
Which of the following is demonstrated free of superimposition on an AP oblique of the elbow in lateral rotation?
1. olecranon fossa
2. olecranon process
3. radial head and neck
4. trochlea
3
What is the degree of elbow flexion for an AP oblique projection of the elbow with internal rotation?
0 degrees
Which elbow position demonstrates complete superimposition of the epicondyles?
Lateral
To place the carpal bones closer to the IR for a PA projection of the wrist:
flex the fingers into a loose fist
The posterior fat pad lies in the:
Olecranon fossa
The act of straightening a joint is termed:
Extension
The degree of flexion for a lateral elbow is:
90 degrees
The PA oblique of the wrist requires a wrist angulation of:
45 degrees
The CR for the PA projection of the wrist is directed to the:
midcarpal area
The AP projection of the forearm should include the:
1. Radius and ulna
2. Proximal row of carpals
3. Distal humerus
1, 2 and 3
Soft tissue detail is important for the lateral elbow to demonstrate:
Fat pads
Movement of the forearm closer to the arm through a decrease in the angle of the elbow joint, it is called:
Flexion
For the lateral forearm, the elbow should be flexed ___ degrees
90
For the AP projection of the elbow, the humeral epicondyles (and the interepicondylar line) are
Parallel to the IR
For the AP projection of forearm, the hand is:
Supinated
For both AP oblique elbow projections, the epicondyles (inter-epicondylar plane) and IR form an angle of:
45 degrees
For an AP oblique elbow with medial rotation, the patient is positioned so that the:
1. Shoulder is level with the elbow
2. Elbow joint is 90° to the IR
3. Hand is supinated
1
For an AP lateral oblique (externally rotated) elbow image with accurate positioning, the:
1. capitulum is in profile
2. radioulnar joint space is open
3. coronoid process is in profile
4. ulna is demonstrated without radial head superimposition
1, 2 and 4
For PA projection of the wrist in ulnar deviation, the CR is directed to the:
Scaphoid
An IR that is large enough to extend at least 1 inch (2.5 cm) beyond the elbow and wrist joints for a forearm image is:
a. needed to record the elbow and wrist on the image
b. needed so the beam can be tightly collimated
c. not a required positioning procedure
d. needed only when a joint problem is suspected
A
An AP medial oblique (internally rotated) elbow image with accurate positioning BEST demonstrates which of the following structures
1. Capitulum
2. Radial head
3. Medial trochlea
4. Coronoid process
3 and 4
An AP forearm image with accurate positioning demonstrates the:
1. radial styloid in profile laterally
2. radial head slightly superimposed over the ulna
3. ulnar styloid in profile laterally
4. humeral epicondyles in profile
1, 2 and 4
An AP elbow image with accurate positioning demonstrates:
1. the medial and lateral humeral epicondyles in profile
2. the radial tuberosity in profile medially
3. an open capitulum-radial joint (elbow joint)
4. the ulna free of radial head and radial tuberosity superimposition
1, 2 and 3
T/F: A lateral projection of the elbow requires pronation of the hand
False
Rotation of the arm for a lateromedial projection of the elbow will place the interepicondylar plane ____ to the IR
Perpendicular
Which of the following would be present on the image of a properly positioned AP projection of the forearm?
1. Superimposition of entire proximal row of the carpals bones with the radius and ulna (maximum superimposition
2. Radial tuberosity in medial profile
3. Radial styloid in lateral profile
2 and 3
A well-positioned AP projection of the elbow will demonstrate ___ superimposition of the ___ radius and ulna
Slight; proximal
A lateral forearm image with accurate positioning demonstrates:
1. distal scaphoid and the pisiform are aligned
2. the ulnar styloid in profile
3. an open elbow joint space
4. the radial tuberosity in profile
1, 2 and 3
A lateral elbow image with accurate positioning demonstrates:
1. an open elbow joint space
2. the radial head distal to the coronoid process
3. the radial tuberosity on end (not in profile)
4. the anterior fat pad
1, 3 and 4
A PA wrist image with accurate positioning demonstrates:
1. an open radioulnar joint
2. the radial styloid in profile laterally
3. lunate is positioned proximal to radiulnar joint
4. complete superimposition of the third through fifth metacarpal bases
1 and 2
A PA oblique wrist image with accurate positioning demonstrates:
1. the trapezoid and trapezium without superimposition
2. an open radioulnar joint space
3. the ulnar styloid in profile
4. midshafts of 4th and 5th MC demonstrate small separation
1, 3 and 4
A PA wrist image obtained with the wrist in a neutral position demonstrates:
1. the scaphoid in partial foreshortening
2. the center of the lunate positioned distal to the radioulnar articulation
3. closed CM joints
4. alignment of the long axis of the third metacarpal and radius
1, 2 and 4
