Chapter 3: Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

An AP supine abdominal image with accurate positioning demonstrates:
1. the outline of the psoas major muscles and kidneys
2. the diaphragm domes located inferior to the 10 posterior rib
3. no rotation of the pelvis
4. the long axis of the vertebral column is centered on projection

A

1, 3, and 4

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2
Q

At what level is the CR directed for a supine AP projection of the abdomen?

A

iliac crest

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3
Q

Abdomen projections should be exposed on:

A

Expiration

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4
Q

Which one of the following structures must be demonstrated on an AP Supine Abdomen?
- symphysis pubis
- diaphragm
- xiphoid process
- ischial tuberosities

A

Symphysis pubis

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5
Q

Which one of the following structures must be demonstrated on an AP Upright Abdomen image?

A

diaphragm

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6
Q

Which topographic landmark corresponds to the level of L2/L3?

A

Inferior costal margin

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7
Q

Which topographic landmark corresponds to the level of L4-5?

A

Iliac crest

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8
Q

Which two technical conditions must be met in a decubitus position?

A

The patient must be lying down and the central ray parallel to the floor.

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9
Q

Which projection or position will best demonstrate free intraperitoneal air in the abdomen?

A

Erect AP abdomen projection

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10
Q

Which projection is performed to demonstrate free air or gas in the abdominal cavity when the patient is unable to stand?

A

Left lateral decubitus

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11
Q

What CR centering should be used for a lateral decubitus AP projection of the abdomen?

A

2 inches above the iliac crest

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12
Q

Two AP projections in the supine position with the IR oriented crosswise may be needed for patients who have a body type that is:

A

Hypersthenic

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13
Q

For an upright AP abdomen projection, the
1. ASISs are positioned at equal distances from the IR.
2. patient remains in an upright position at least 5 to 20 minutes before the image is obtained.
3. symphysis pubis should be included.
4. patient is instructed to take a deep inspiration before the image is obtained.

A

1 and 2

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14
Q

For an Acute Abdominal Series, the required projection are
1. PA chest
2. Lateral chest
3. KUB
4. Upright / Erect Abdomen

A

1, 3 and 4

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15
Q

For the Erect Abdomen (AP projection), place the top of the IR at the level of the ____

A

Axilla

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16
Q

A radiograph of an AP KUB reveals that the obturator foramina are cut off from the bottom of the image. The kidneys and symphysis pubis are demonstrated. What centering adjustments should be made to improve this image?

A

This radiograph is correctly centered. No adjustments are needed

17
Q

A supine AP abdominal image obtained with the patient in an LPO position demonstrates:
1. the sacrum and coccyx aligned with the symphysis pubis
2. Right side of pelvis is elongated (looks larger then the left side)
3. Left side of the pelvis is elongated (looks larger then the right side)
4. Right side of the patient is foreshortened (looks smaller then the left side)

A

3 and 4

18
Q

What is the specific positioning error if the right iliac wing is wider in appearance as compared to the left as seen on an AP supine abdomen radiograph?

A

Rotation of the right side of the body toward the IR (right rotation)

19
Q

Which positioning error is classified as a repeatable error for an AP erect abdomen projection?
-Symphysis pubis not demonstrated on radiograph
-Erect marker not seen on radiograph
-Four-side collimation not evident on radiograph
-Diaphragm not demonstrated on radiograph

A

Diaphragm not demonstrated on radiograph

20
Q

A rotated lateral chest image demonstrates the heart shadow posterior to the sternum. Identify the anteriorly positioned lung.

A

Right