Chapter 4 Vocabulary

Question 1

affix

Answer 1

Bound morpheme that attaches to a stem

Question 2

affixation

Answer 2

Process of forming words by adding affixes to morphemes.

Question 3

agglutinating language

Answer 3

Morphemes are joined together relatively “loosely” so it is easier to determine where the boundaries between morphemes are.

Question 4

allomorph

Answer 4

A set of nondistinctive realizations of a particular morpheme that have the same function and are phonetically similar.

Question 5

alternation

Answer 5

The morphological process that uses morpheme-internal modification tomato new words or morphological distinctions.

Question 6

ambiguity

Answer 6

The phenomenon by which a single linguistic form that can be the form of more than one distinct linguistic expression. The form that is shared by more than one expression is said to be ambiguous.

Question 7

analytic language

Answer 7

Type of language in which most words consists of one morpheme and sentences are compose of sequences of these free morphemes.

Question 8

bound morpheme

Answer 8

Morphemes that always attaches to other morphemes, never existing as a word itself.

Question 9

bound root

Answer 9

Morpheme that has some associated basic meaning but that is unable to stand alone as a word in its own right.

Question 10

closed lexical category

Answer 10

Lexical category in which members are fairly rigidly established and additions are made very rarely and only over long periods of time.

Question 11

compounding

Answer 11

Process of forming words by combining two ore more independent words.

Question 12

conjunction

Answer 12

A lexical category that consists of function words such as and, but, however, etc.

Question 13

content morpheme

Answer 13

Morphemes that carries semantic content

Question 14

content word

Answer 14

A word whose primary purpose is to contribute semantic content to the phrase in which it occurs.

Question 15

derivation

Answer 15

A morphological process that changes in a word’s lexical category or its meaning in some predictable way

Question 16

determiner

Answer 16

The name of a lexical category and syntactic category that consists of expressions such as the, a, this, all, etc.

Question 17

form

Answer 17

The structure or shape of any particular linguistic item, from individual segments to strings of words.

Question 18

free morpheme

Answer 18

A morpheme that can stand alone as a word.

Question 19

function morpheme

Answer 19

Morpheme that provides information about the grammatical relationships between words in a sentence.

Question 20

function word

Answer 20

A word that has little semantic content and whose primary purpose is to indicate grammatical relationships between other words within a phrase.

Question 21

hierarchical structure

Answer 21

The dominance relationship among morphemes in a word or among constituents in a phrase

Question 22

homophony

Answer 22

The phenomenon by which two or more distinct morphemes or non phrasal linguistic expressions happen to have the same form

Question 23

incorporation

Answer 23

Morphological process by which several distinct semantic comments are combined into a single word in a polysynthetic language

Question 24

infix

Answer 24

A type of bound morpheme that is inserted into the middle of the stem

Question 25

inflection

Answer 25

A morphological process whereby the form of a word is modified to indicate some grammatically relevant information, such as person, number, tense, gender, etc.

Question 26

input

Answer 26

The linguistic form before the application of a rule of a set of rules

Question 27

lexical category

Answer 27

Class of words grouped together based on morphological properties

Question 28

lexicon

Answer 28

A mental repository of linguistic information about words and other lexical expressions, including their form and meaning and their morphological and syntactic properties.

Question 29

morpheme

Answer 29

Smallest linguistic unit that has a meaning or grammatical function.

Question 30

morphology

Answer 30

The study of how words are constructed of morphemes.

Question 31

open lexical category

Answer 31

Lexical category into which new members are often introduced.

Question 32

output

Answer 32

The linguistic form obtained after an application of a rule or a set of rules.

Question 33

partial reduplication

Answer 33

Morphological reduplication in which only part of a morpheme is reduplicated.

Question 34

polysynthetic language

Answer 34

A type of language that attaches several affixes to a stem to indicate grammatical relationships.

Question 35

prefix

Answer 35

Affix that attaches to the beginning of a stem

Question 36

preposition

Answer 36

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category that consists of expressions such as of, in, for, with, etc.

Question 37

productive

Answer 37

Describes a morpheme or rule that can be used to produce novel grammatical forms.

Question 38

pronoun

Answer 38

The name of a lexical category that consists of words such as I, she, us, etc

Question 39

reduplicant

Answer 39

The morpheme or part of a morpheme that is repeated on reduplication.

Question 40

reduplication

Answer 40

Process of forming new words by doubling either an entire word or part of a word

Question 41

root

Answer 41

The free morpheme or bound root in a word that contributes most semantic content to the word, and to which affixes can attach.

Question 42

simultaneous affix

Answer 42

An affix that is articulated at the same time as some other affix or affixes in a word’s stem; exists only in visual gestural languages

Question 43

stem

Answer 43

The base, consisting of one or more morphemes to which some affix is added.

Question 44

suffix

Answer 44

Affix that attaches to the end of a stem

Question 45

suppletion

Answer 45

A morphological process between forms of a word wherein one form cannot be phonologically or morphologically derived from the other.