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APES > Chapter 4 Vocab Quiz > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Vocab Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

A group of members of the same species living in an area

A

Population

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2
Q

The populations of different species living together in one area

A

Community

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3
Q

The change in population number which is represented by the equation: (Births+ Immigration)-(Deaths+ Emigration)= Change in population number

A

Population growth

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4
Q

If births plus immigration are more or less equal to deaths plus emigration over time

A

Equilibrium

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5
Q

Population explosion under absolutely ideal conditions

A

J curve(exponential growth)

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6
Q

If resources run out following an exponential growth in population, the population experiences a huge die off

A

Reverse J curve

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7
Q

Natural mechanisms may cause the population to level off and continue in a dynamic equilibrium

A

S curve(logistic growth)

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8
Q

Maximum population of a species that a given habitat can support without the habitat being degraded over long term

A

Carrying capacity(limit)

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9
Q

Rate which members of species reproduce

A

Biotic potential

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10
Q

Survival through early growth stages to become part of the breeding population

A

Recruitment

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11
Q

Combination of biotic and abiotic factors that may limit population increase

A

Environmental resistance

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12
Q

High biotic potential

A

r-strategists

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13
Q

Low biotic potential

A

k-strategists

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14
Q

Good early survival and die of old age

A

Type I survivorship curve

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15
Q

Organisms die at a constant rate regardless of age

A

Type II survivorship curve

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16
Q

Poor early survival, improves with age

A

Type III survivorship curve

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17
Q

Number of individuals per unit area

A

Population density

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18
Q

Factor that causes population growth to decrease

A

Limiting factor

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19
Q

Limiting factor depending on population size

A

Density-depending limiting factor

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20
Q

Affect all populations in similar ways, regardless populations size

A

Density-independent limiting factor

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21
Q

States that no two species can occupy same niche in same habitat at same time

A

Competitive exclusion principle

22
Q

Lowest population level for survival and recovery

A

Critical number

23
Q

Species whose populations are declining rapidly

A

Threatened (Endangered Species Act)

24
Q

Population is near what scientists believe to be its critical number

A

Endangered (Endangered Species Act)

25
Q

Two organisms living together

A

Symbiosis

26
Q

Mutual benefit to both species

A

Mutualism

27
Q

One species benefits from the interaction and the other is adversely affected

A

Commensalism

28
Q

One species benefits from the interaction and the other is adversely affected

A

Parasitism

29
Q

Both species are adversely affected by the interaction

A

Competition

30
Q

Organisms that kill and eat other animals

A

Predator

31
Q

Organisms that are eaten by a predator

A

Prey

32
Q

Are consumers feeding on their hosts

A

Parasites

33
Q

Plant or animal that is fed upon

A

Host

34
Q

Consumers that eat plants

A

Herbivores

35
Q

Consumers that eat meat

A

Carnivores

36
Q

Consumers that feed on both plants and animals

A

Omnivores

37
Q

Agents that carry the parasite from one host to another

A

Vectors

38
Q

Animals that play an important role in maintaing an ecosystem

A

Keystone species

39
Q

Competition between members of same species

A

Intraspecific competition

40
Q

Defense of a resource against indiviuals of the same species

A

Territoriality

41
Q

When plants produce a large number of seedlings in a limited area

A

Self-thinning in plants

42
Q

5 species of North American warblers that coexist in the spruce forest of Maine

A

Resource partitioning

43
Q

Each factor that can affect which individuals survive and reproduce which are eliminated

A

Selective pressures

44
Q

Process by which populations of one species separate and develop into new species

A

Speciation

45
Q

When similar organisms live within the same location but fulfill different niches

A

Sympatric speciation

46
Q

When a new species is created over time because of physical separation of a population

A

Allopatric speciation

47
Q

A theory that helps explain volcanoes and earthquakes

A

Plate tectonics

48
Q

Hot material rises while cooler material sinks toward the interior

A

Convection currents

49
Q

Oceanic plates slide under a continental plate

A

Subduction zones

50
Q

Two continental plates converge resulting in the formation of mountain ranges

A

Collision zone

51
Q

Boundaries where two plates are sliding past each other causing earthquakes

A

Transform fault zones

52
Q

Animals or plants brought into an ecosystem from a foreign ecosystem

A

Introduces species

APES (5 decks)

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