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Thanatochemistry > Chapter 4 Test all Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Test all Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Group of chemicals used in addition to vascualr and cavity embalming fluids

A

Accessory Chemicals

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2
Q

Chemicals added to the embalming solution to deal with varying DEMANDS PREDICATED UPON the type of embalming

A

Modifying agents

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3
Q

Fluid injected for purposes other than preservation and disinfection

A

Supplemental Fluids

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4
Q

A substance that yields hydrogen or hydronium ions in a water solution

A

Acid ( Arrhenius)

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5
Q

A substance that donates a proton

A

Acid ( Bronsted-Lowry)

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6
Q

A substance that accepts a pair of electrons

A

Acid (Lewis)

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7
Q

A substance that yields hydroxide ions in a water solution

A

Base (Arrhenius)

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8
Q

Base (Bronsted-Lowry)

A

A substance that accepts a proton

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9
Q

Substance that donates pairs of electrons

A

Base (Lewis)

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10
Q

Dyes which aid in restoring a life-like surface pigmentation to a body and also stain the body tissue cells

A

Active dyes or staining dyes

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11
Q

Distinguish the difference between various chemicals

A

Passive Dyes

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12
Q

Reaction between a fat and a strong base

A

Saponification

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13
Q

A wax like material

A

Adipocere or Grave Wax

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14
Q

Intravascular; Increase of viscocity of blood brought about by the clumping of particulate formed elements in the blood vessels

A

Agglutination

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15
Q

Converts soluble proteins to insoluble protein by heating or by contact

A

Coagulation

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16
Q

A protein found throughout the body and is highly susceptible to decomposition

A

Albumin

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17
Q

Proteins that have been crossed-linked by preservatives to become highly unsusceptible to decomposition

A

Albuminoids

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18
Q

The rise in temperature after death

A

Postmortem Caloricity

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19
Q

The study of all the enzymatically controlled reaction in a living cell

A

Metabolism

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20
Q

How does the body cool itself?

A

Circulation, Respiration, Perspiration

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21
Q

A building up process

A

Anabolism

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22
Q

Breaking down process

A

Catabolism

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23
Q

The smallest particle of an element

A

Atom

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24
Q

The smallest unit of a compound which can exist alone; an aggregation of atoms

A

Molecules

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25
Q

A substance consisting of two or more atoms combined chemically

A

Compound

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26
Q

A combination of two or more substances not chemically combined

A

Mixture

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27
Q

A homogenous mixture of one or more substances dissolved in a sufficient quantity

A

Solution

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28
Q

A mixture of two insoluble liquids, one being dispersed throughout the other

A

Emulsion

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29
Q

Passage of solvent from a solution of lesser to one of greater solute concentration

A

Osmosis

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30
Q

A substance that does the dissolving in a solution

A

Solvent

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31
Q

Removal of particles from a solution, as it passes through a membrane or other partial barrier

A

Filtration

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32
Q

A substance dissolved in a solvent

A

Solute

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33
Q

Separation of SUBSTANCES in solution by the difference of passing through the membrane

A

Dialysis AKA Selective Diffusion

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34
Q

Solution has LESS concentration of dissolved solute

A

Hypotonic Solution

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35
Q

Solution having GREATER concentration of dissolved solute

A

Hypertonic Solution

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36
Q

Solution having equal concentration of fluid

A

Isotonic Solution

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37
Q

Occur when a red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution which will cause it to shrink

A

Crenation

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38
Q

Occurs when a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution

A

Hemolysis

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39
Q

The process of dissolving

A

Solvation

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40
Q

Homogenous mixture of one or more substances

A

Solution

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41
Q

One in which a new substances are produced that have entirely different properties

A

Chemical Changes

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42
Q

A change in the form or state of matter without any change in chemical composition

A

Physical Changes

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43
Q

Decomp of proteins in aerobic environment

A

Decay

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44
Q

Decomp of proteins in anaerobic environment

A

Putrefaction

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45
Q

A mixture of formaldehyde gas dissolved in water

A

Formalin

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46
Q

All embalming fluids will contain some methanol since it is so closely associated with formalin

A

Methanol AKA Methyl Alcohol

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47
Q

A solvent and a disinfectant in embalming fluid

A

Ethyl Alcohol AKA Ethanol

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48
Q

The dissolving of a substance in alcohol

A

Tincture

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49
Q

A neutral subatomic particle

A

Neutron

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50
Q

Found in the nucleus of an atom; +1 electrical charge

A

Proton

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51
Q

Negative electrical charge

A

Electron

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52
Q

A deposit of an insoluble or very slightly soluble solid substance

A

Precipitate

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53
Q

The linking together of monomers or basic chemical units to form a polymer

A

Polymerization

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54
Q

A polymer of formaldehyde and exists as a solid, is almost pure formaldehyde; Insoluble so cannot be used in embalming fluids; Used in preservative powders and hardening compounds

A

Paraformaldehyde

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55
Q

Measure of hydrogen ion concentration of a solution

A

pH

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56
Q

An aromatic alcohol and is an excellent disinfectant. Is a derivative of coal tars

A

Phenol

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57
Q

The standard use to evaluate the efficiency of other germicides

A

Phenol Coefficient PC

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58
Q

Invented by Dr. Gunter vin Hagens used to preserve bodies for anatomical studies

A

Plastination

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59
Q

A period immediately following death and before rigor mortis occurs. Muscles of the body are limp and flaccid

A

Primary Flaccidity

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60
Q

pH of 6.9 to 5.5 back to 6.9

A

Stage of Rigor

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61
Q

A condition, which occurs after rigor mortis has left the body where the muscles of the body return to a state of limpness and flaccidity

A

Secondary Flaccidity

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62
Q

Oven or appliance for sterilizing; an autoclave that disinfects by steam

A

Sterilizers

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63
Q

Process that renders a substance free of all microoorganisms

A

Sterilization

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64
Q

Are written below and to the right of the number and represent the definite proportion by mass

A

Subscripts

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65
Q

Are written above nd to the right of the number and represent the oxidation number

A

Superscripts

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66
Q

A gas, that at ordinary temperatures is a liquid or solid

A

Vapor

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67
Q

The physical change from a liquid into a gas

A

Vaporization

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68
Q

The tabular arrangements of the elements in order of increasing atomic number so that the columns of elements represent the periodic occurrence of elements with similar properties

A

Periodic Tables

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69
Q

A saturated hydrocarbon; Has no carbon and has multiple bonds

A

Alkane

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70
Q

Carbon containing a double bond

A

Alkene

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71
Q

Containing a triple bond

A

Alkyne

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72
Q

Is less dangerous than beta and gamma radiation

A

Alpha Radiation

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73
Q

The middle radiation; More dangerous than alpha, but less dangerous than gamma

A

Beta Radiation

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74
Q

The most dangerous Radiation form

A

Gamma Rays

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75
Q

Red dye derived from the action of bromine or fluorescin

A

Eosin

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76
Q

Tests for blood circulation

A

Fluorescin

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77
Q

Displaces an unpleasant odor?

A

Deoderants

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78
Q

The amount of heat necessary to change 1 gram of solid to gram of liquid state

A

Heat of Fusion

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79
Q

Heat necessary to change 1 gram of liquid to a gaseous state

A

Heat of Vaporization

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80
Q

Strength of embalming fluids indicated by the number of grams of pure formaldehyde

A

Index

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81
Q

Is the symbol for the element Silver

A

Ag

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82
Q

Symbol for the element Aluminum

A

Al

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83
Q

What suffix refers to an aldehyde?

A

AL

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84
Q

The predecessor or chemistry

A

Alchemy

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85
Q

An organic compound containing one or mor e hydroxyl groups

A

Alcohols

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86
Q

A sugar in which the functional groups are hydroxyl groups and an aldehyde group

A

Aldose

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87
Q

Pertaining to any member of one of the two major groups of organic compounds, Have a straight branch or chain

A

Aliphatic

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88
Q

A saturated hydrocarbon; a hydrocarbon that has no carbon multiple bonds; called paraffin series

A

Alkane

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89
Q

Hydrocarbon containing a double bond

A

Alkene

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90
Q

Contains a triple bond

A

Alkyne

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91
Q

A monovalent radical of the general formula formed when an alkane loses one hydrogen atom

A

Alkyl group

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92
Q

An aliphatic hydrocarbon with one or more halogen atoms attached

A

Alykyl Halide

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93
Q

The existence of a element in two or more distinct forms

A

Allotropism

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94
Q

Derivative of carboxylic acid; A hydroxyl group is substituted with an amine or ammonia.

A

Amides

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95
Q

An organic compound containing nitrogen with the general formula R-NH2; Any group of compounds formed from ammonia

A

Amines

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96
Q

Any compound that can act as both an acid and a base in water solutions

A

Amphoterism

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97
Q

Retard the tendency of the blood to become more viscous

A

Anticoagulants

98
Q

The symbol for the element arsenic

A

As

99
Q

Symbol for the element gold

A

Au

100
Q

Substances that yield hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution

A

Bases

101
Q

Used in the embalming lab for for sterilization

A

Benzalkonium Chloride

102
Q

Holds atoms together

A

Bonds

103
Q

A mild antiseptic added to embalming fluid

A

Boric Acid

104
Q

Capable of maintaining a constannt Ph by neutralizing both acids and bases

A

Buffers

105
Q

Symbol for Calcium

A

Ca

106
Q

Hat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water

A

Calorie (Small c)

107
Q

One carbon atom double bonded to oxygen

A

Carbonyl Groups

108
Q

Positively charged ion

A

Cation

109
Q

Changes the rate of the chemical reaction

A

Catalyst

110
Q

Symbol for Cadmium

A

Cd

111
Q

Means “poured into”

A

Chemia

112
Q

A change that results in a new chemical formation

A

Chemical Change

113
Q

Combination of chemical symbols and formulas

A

Chemical Equation

114
Q

Characteristics of a substance observed during or after chemical reaction

A

Chemical Properties

115
Q

The study of matter and the changes it undergoes

A

Chemistry

116
Q

Symbol for Chlorine

A

Cl

117
Q

Converting soluble protein to insoluble protein

A

Coagulation

118
Q

A solute that can pass through filters, but not membranes

A

Colloid

119
Q

Rapid oxidation that produces heat and light

A

Combustion

120
Q

Chang of matter from a gas to a liquid

A

Condensation

121
Q

Bond formed by the sharing of electrons

A

Covalent Bond

122
Q

Symbol for the element copper

A

Cu

123
Q

Is the same as millimeter

A

Cubic Centimeter

124
Q

A substance gives a definite form

A

Crystallization

125
Q

A solute that can pass through a membrane

A

Crystalloid

126
Q

The removal of an amino group from a compound

A

Deamination

127
Q

Prefix for 10

A

Deka

128
Q

The ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume

A

Density

129
Q

Cannot be decomposed by ordinary chemical means

A

Element

130
Q

The act of mixing two insoluble liquids

A

Emulsification

131
Q

One being dispersed through the other in small droplets

A

Emulsion

132
Q

Acts as a biological catalyst

A

Enzyme

133
Q

An organic compound from the general formula RCOOR

A

Ester

134
Q

A solvent and disinfectant in embalming fluid

A

Ethanol

135
Q

Any organic compound with the general formula ROR

A

Ether

136
Q

Symbol for the element Fluorine

A

F

137
Q

Symbol for the element Iron

A

Fe

138
Q

Decomp of carbohydrates under anaerobic conditions

A

Fermentation

139
Q

Reacts with proteins causing them to become firm and more resistant to bacteria

A

Formaldehyde

140
Q

A symbolic expression of the chemical composition or constitution of a substance

A

Formula

141
Q

A specific atom or group of atoms that is attached to a carbon atom in an organic compound

A

Functional Group

142
Q

Formula that denotes a class of compounds and includes the functional group and symbol R which means radical

A

General Formulas

143
Q

Thick liquid added to embalming fluid

A

Glycerol

144
Q

Animal starch made by glucose molecules

A

Glycogen

145
Q

Condition of water; results from dissolved minerals and metallic ions

A

Hardened water

146
Q

Symbol for Hydrogen

A

H

147
Q

Symbol for Helium

A

He

148
Q

Six carbon sugar molecule

A

Hexose

149
Q

Symbol for Mercury

A

Hg

150
Q

Creates surface tension

A

Hydrogen Bond

151
Q

The functional group of the basic compounds in inorganic chemistry and the alcohols

A

Hydroxyl Group

152
Q

Symbol for Iodine

A

I

153
Q

Swelling and softness of tissues and organs; Absorbs moisture from adjacent sources

A

Imbibition

154
Q

Resist change in motion

A

Inertia

155
Q

Positive or negative electrical charge

A

Ion

156
Q

Bond formed between a oppositely charged atoms

A

Ionic Bond

157
Q

Possession by two or more distinct compounds of the same molecular formula; each molecule has the same number of atoms

A

Isomerism

158
Q

The base Si unit of temperature; Absolute temperature of the triple point of water

A

Kelvin

159
Q

Joining to two other carbon atoms

A

Ketone

160
Q

A sugar functional groups are hydroxyl and a ketone group

A

Ketose

161
Q

Energy created nor destroyed

A

Law of energy

162
Q

Mass in neither created nor destroyed

A

Conservation of mass

163
Q

Formula used to conserve space over a structural formula

A

Line Formula

164
Q

State of matter having a definite volume but no definite shape

A

Liquid

165
Q

Unit of volume in the metric system

A

Liter

166
Q

Salt added to embalming fluid to help preserve the acid base balance

A

Magnesium Sulfate

167
Q

Prefix for one million

A

Mega

168
Q

An element or radical in one compound exchanges places with another element

A

Metathesis Reaction

169
Q

Unit for length

A

Meter

170
Q

Symbol for Magnesium

A

Mg

171
Q

Prefix for 1/one millionth

A

Micro

172
Q

One millionth of a meter

A

Micrometer

173
Q

Two or more chemical substances not chemically united

A

Mixture

174
Q

Two or more atoms joined by a chemical bond

A

Molecule

175
Q

Symbol for the element Nitrogen

A

N

176
Q

Symbol for the element Sodium

A

Na

177
Q

Composition of a particular kind of matter, forces holding it parts together

A

Nature of Matter

178
Q

Acid and base producing a salt and water

A

Neutralization

179
Q

Elements dull in apearance

A

Non Metal

180
Q

Combination of unsaturated fatty acids and glycerol that is liquid at room temp

A

Oils

181
Q

The suffix referring to alcohol

A

Ol

182
Q

Carbon containing compounds

A

Organic Chemistry

183
Q

A number used to represent the number of electrons lost or gained

A

Oxidation Number

184
Q

Compound consisting of oxygen combined with another element

A

Oxide

185
Q

A method for expressing low concentrations

A

Parts per Million PPM

186
Q

Symbol for Lead

A

Pb

187
Q

Bond formed from a dehydration reaction between the amino group

A

Peptide Bonds

188
Q

Water hardness that cannot be moved from boiling

A

Permanent hardness of water

189
Q

Aromatic alcohol

A

Phenol

190
Q

A change in the form of state or matter with change in chemical change

A

Physical Change

191
Q

Characteristics of a substance that are observed or measured without a change in chemical composition

A

Physical Properties

192
Q

Calcium Sulfate; Often found in Hardening Compound

A

Plaster of Paris

193
Q

Group of atoms that act as a unit

A

Polyatomic Ions

194
Q

Large molecule made by linking together a number of monomers

A

Polymer

195
Q

Two or more molecules combine to form larger molecules that contain repeating structural units

A

Polymerization

196
Q

Nitrogen ions converted by bacteria to nitrite ions which react with hemoglobin

A

Potassium Nitrate

197
Q

Energy that is stored

A

Potential Energy

198
Q

The measure of hydrogen ion concentration of a solution

A

Potential of Hydrogen

199
Q

A deposit of insoluble solid substance in solution

A

Precipitate

200
Q

Non preservative solution to prepare the vascular system before injection

A

Pre Injection

201
Q

The force per unit area exerted onto material

A

Pressure

202
Q

Alcohol in which the hydroxyl group is attached to a carbon that is attached to no more than one other carbo

A

Primary Alcohol

203
Q

Substances be identified

A

Properties

204
Q

Polymer of many amino acids

A

Protein

205
Q

Surface active agents

A

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

206
Q

Element for Radium

A

Ra

207
Q

Result from the reaction between acids and bases other than water

A

Salt

208
Q

Hydrocarbon containing one bond

A

Saturated Hydrocarbon

209
Q

Hydroxyl group attached to two other carbons

A

Secondary Alcohol

210
Q

Hydrolytic products are fatty acids and alcohols

A

Simple Lipid

211
Q

Symbol for Tin

A

Sn

212
Q

Organic salt used to maintain the acid-base balance

A

Sodium Bicarbonate

213
Q

Often used as a water conditioner and for anti coagulents

A

Sodium Citrate

214
Q

Example of a wetting agent added to embalming fluids

A

Sodium Laurel Sulfate

215
Q

Inorganic salt used to maintain the acid -base balance

A

Sodium Phosphate

216
Q

Minimizes graying action of formaldehyde

A

Sodium Tetra Borate aka Borax

217
Q

Process of dissolving

A

Solvation

218
Q

Polyhydric alcohol that is used as a modifying agent as well as for its humectant qualities

A

Sorbitol

219
Q

A ratio of densities with water as the standard

A

Specific gravity

220
Q

Physical change of state during which the substance changes directly from a solid to a gas

A

States of Matter

221
Q

A chemical formula showing the spatial arrangement of the atoms and linkage of every atom

A

Structural Formula

222
Q

A physical change of state during which a sustances changes directly from a solid to a gas

A

Sublimation

223
Q

Material upon which an enzyme works

A

Substrate

224
Q

Liquid forming a membrane like layer

A

Surface Tension

225
Q

Chemicals that will reduce the molecular cohesion of a liquid and thereby enable it to flow through smaller openings

A

Surfactants

226
Q

A solute that wont pass through filters or membranes

A

Suspension

227
Q

Abbreviation for an element

A

Symbol

228
Q

Caused by the process of death

A

Thanatochemistry

229
Q

Organic compound containing the group -SH; Hydroxyl erased by a sulfur atom

A

Thioalcohol aka Mercaptan

230
Q

Poisonous substance that is toxic in nature

A

Toxin

231
Q

Homogenous mixture of two or more substances able to pass through semipermeable membranes

A

True Solution

232
Q

An expression of the fixed ratio between carbon and hydrogen in hydrocarbons

A

Type Formula

233
Q

Compound containing only carbon and hydrogen that has one or more double bonds

A

Unsaturated Hydrocarbon

234
Q

A solution containing less than the maximum amount of solute a solvent is able to hold at a certain temperature and pressure

A

Unsaturated Solution

235
Q

The neutralization product of formaldehyde by ammonia

A

Urotropin

236
Q

Liquids that serve as solvents for the numerous ingredients incorporated into embalming

A

Vehicles

237
Q

The measure of resistance to flow of a liquid

A

Viscocity

238
Q

Being easily converted at a relatively low temperature from the liquid to the gaseous state

A

Volatile

239
Q

Lipid formed from the combination of unsaturated and or saturated fatty acids

A

Wax

240
Q

The measure of gravitational pull on a object

A

Weight

241
Q

Zinc

A

Zn

Thanatochemistry (15 decks)

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