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Chemistry 2013-2014 > Chapter 4 Test > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Test Flashcards

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1
Q

Which Greek philosopher proposed the idea that matter is made of tiny individual particles called atoms?

A

Democritus

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2
Q

In Ancient it was proposed that matter is composed of earth, air, fire and water and that these elements are in what?

A

Continual Motion

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3
Q

which of the following elements is part of the Dalton’s Atomic Theory?

A

Different elements combine in a simple whole number ratios to form compounds

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4
Q

In the early 1900’s it was proposed that energy may be absorbed or released from small atoms, indivisible packets names?

A

Quanta

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5
Q

The development of the cathode ray tube let to the discovery of what subatomic particle?

A

Electron

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6
Q

Electrons have the properties of?

A

Particles and Waves

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7
Q

Experimental Evidence indicates that the nucleus of an atom

A

Contains most of the mass of the atom

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8
Q

In an experiment alpha particles were used to bombard gold foil. As a result of this experiment, the conclusion was made that the nucleus of an atom is…

A

smaller than the atom and positively chaged

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9
Q

After bombing the gold foil with alpha particles the scientists concluded that the atom consisted of mainly

A

Empty Space

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10
Q

When alpha particles are used to bombard gold foil, most of the alpha particles pass through undeflected. This result indicates that most of the volume of a gold atom consists of

A

Unoccupied space

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11
Q

Compared to the entire atom, the nucleus of the atom is

A

Smaller and contains most of the atoms mass

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12
Q

What model of the atom proposes that electrons are located in the orbitals?

A

Wave Mechanical Model

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13
Q

What term refers to the region of atom where electron is most likely to be found?

A

Orbital

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14
Q

A region of most probable electron location in an atom called

A

Orbital

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15
Q

Which symbol represents a proton?

A

1 over 1 (positive)

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16
Q

Which Particle has the least mass?

A

An electron

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17
Q

What particle has a negative charge and a mass that is approximately 1/1836 the mass of a proton

A

An electron

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18
Q

The mass of an electron is approximately 1/1836 times the mass of what?

A

A proton

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19
Q

What is the approximate mass of an electron?

A

1/1836 of a proton

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20
Q

What statement best describes and electron?

A

Similar mass than a proton and negative charge

21
Q

What particle has the mass of approximately one atomic mass unit and a unit positively charged?

A

A proton

22
Q

What particle is electrically neutral?

A

Neutron

23
Q

What particle has approximately the same mass as a proton?

A

Neutron

24
Q

Which two particles have approximately the same mass?

A

Proton and Neutron

25
Q

What two particles account for most of the mass in an atom?

A

Proton and Neutron

26
Q

What are the nucleons in an atom?

A

Protons and Neutrons

27
Q

How many protons are in the nucleus of an atom of beryllium?

A

4

28
Q

What kind of particle when passed through an electric field, would be attracted to the negative electrode?

A

An alpha particle

29
Q

A particle has a mass of 1.0 atomic mass unit. What is the approximate mass of this particle in grams?

A

1.7x(10)^-24

30
Q

What kind of radiation will travel through an electric field, on a pathway that remains unaffected by the field

A

A gamma ray

31
Q

What particle will be attracted to the positive electrode in an electric field?

A

A beta particle

32
Q

What particle has a negative charge?

A

A beta particle

33
Q

All atoms of an element have the same what?

A

Atomic Number

34
Q

All atoms in a given sample of an element contain the same number of what?

A

Protons and Neutrons

35
Q

The atoms in a sample of an element must contain nuclei with the same number of…?

A

Protons

36
Q

The atomic number of an atom is always equal to the total number of

A

protons in the nucleus

37
Q

Two atoms will always have the same atomic number if they have the same

A

Number of protons

38
Q

In a sample of pure copper all atoms have

A

The same atomic number and the same number of protons

39
Q

A substance that is composed only of atoms that have the same atomic number is classified as

A

An element

40
Q

Which substance is composed of atoms that all have the same atomic number?

A

Magnesium

41
Q

All of the atoms of argon have the same…

A

Atomic Number

42
Q

As the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom increases the nuclear charge does what?

A

Stays the same

43
Q

What is the nuclear charge of an atom with a mass of 23 and an atomic number of 11

A

11+

44
Q

As an Na atom forms an Na+ ion, the atomic number of protons in its nucleus

A

Remains the same

45
Q

A sodium atom and a sodium ion must have the same number of

A

protons

46
Q

The total number of protons found in an OH- ion is

A

9

47
Q

Which atom contains exactly 15 protons

A

Phosphorus-32

48
Q

What were the four points to Daltons Atomic Theory?

A

All elements are composed of tiny indivisible particles
Atoms of the same element are identical. The atom of any one element are different from those of any other element
Atoms of different elements can physically mix together or can chemically combine into a simple whole number ratio to form compounds
Chemical Reactions occur when atoms are separated from each other joined or rearranged in a different combination. Atoms of one element however are never changed into atoms of another element due to chemical reaction

49
Q

Who discovered the Neutron?

A

James Chadwick

Chemistry 2013-2014 (20 decks)

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