Chapter 4 Terminology Flashcards
cephalad
closer to the head
caudad
closer to the feet
maxilla
two bones comprising the upper jaw, holds teeth 1-16
mandible
lower jaw that hinges at the temporal bone
temporalmandibular joint (TMJ)
connected by ligaments, the hinge of the jaw between the temporal bone and the mandible
Clavicles
two bones connecting medially to the sternum and laterally to the acromion process, forming the AC joint
Humerus
the upper arm bone that articulates with the scapula to form the shoulder
Scapula
the shoulder blade, makes the socket for the ball and socket joint of the shoulder. Also connects clavicles via the acromioclavicular joint
sternum
the breastbone, made of mandubrium, body, and xyphoid
Costal cartilage
the region where the ribs connect to the sternum via a short piece of cartilage
Costovertebral angle (CVA)
The angle formed by the junction of the 12 ribs, and corresponding vertebrae. This is the site of kidney infection
Glenohumeral joint
The shoulder, a ball and socket joint formed by the head of the humerus and glenoid fossa of the scapula
Sacrum
the fused bony region that connects the lumbar vertebrae to the coccyx (tailbone) as well as two hip bones
pelvis
the collective structure formed by the fusion of the sacrum and the two hip bones
femur
large bones that run the length of the thigh, connects to pelvis and low to the tibia. Femoral neck = common fracture site. Greater trochanter sticks out
Patella
the floating bone that is embedded int he patellar tendon and forms the kneecap
tibia
large bone in the lower leg that bears nearly all the weight of the lower leg
fibula
small bone in the lateral lower leg that bears very little weight
malleoli
large bony protrustions on the medial and lateral aspect of each ankle are formed by the ends of the tibia and fibula , respectively. Form the ankle.
Radius
The forearm bone that is straight when supinated, but twisted over the ulna when pronated. Connects the elbow to the wrist at the thumba side of the hand
Ulna
forearm bone that connects the pinky side of the wrist to the elbow
Carpal bones
the bones of the lower hand
Metacarpals
the bones of the upper middle hand
Phalanges
the bones of the fingers. There are three individual bones in each finger - the proximal, middle and distal phalanges.
Joints of hands
Distal interphalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, carpometacarpal, metacarpophalangeal (knuckles)
Tarsals and metatarsals
Analogous to carpals and metacarpals, but for feet
