Chapter 4 || Sports Psychology

Question 1

Define Skill?

Answer 1

Learned action or behaviour which can be performed efficiently again and again with the same outcome.

Question 2

Define Ability?

Answer 2

An inherited, stable trait which determines an individuals potential to learn a skill.

Question 3

Define Trait?

Answer 3

Quality’s or characteristics belonging to a person.

Question 4

Basic Skill?

Answer 4

Simple skills that does not require too much concentration.

Question 5

Complex Skill?

Answer 5

Take a long time to learn because they involve high concentration and coordination.

Question 6

Open Skill?

Answer 6

Skills effected by the environment.

Question 7

Closed Skill?

Answer 7

Skill not effected by the environment or performers within it.

Question 8

Self Paced Skill?

Answer 8

Skill started when the performer decided to start it.

Question 9

Externally Paced Skill?

Answer 9

Skill that is started because of an external factor.

Question 10

Gross Movement Skill?

Answer 10

A skill that uses large nucleus groups to perform strong and powerful movement.

Question 11

Fine Movement Skill?

Answer 11

Involves small, ore side movement and uses large levels sod concentration for accuracy and coordination.

Question 12

Performance Goals?

Answer 12

Personal standards to be achieved. This is a comparison of what the performer has already achieved. No comparison with other performers.

Question 13

Outcome Goals?

Answer 13

Goals that focus on the end result, such as winning.

Question 14

SMART Targets?

Answer 14

Specific,

Measurable,

Accepted,

Realistic,

Time-Bound.

Question 15

Information Processing Flow?

Answer 15

Name given to process of decision making a performer goes through during performance,

Input - Data received from display, such as senses,

Decision-Making - The selected data is analysed and a response is selected by performer,
This info is put into short-term memory (7 pieces of information for 60 seconds),

Output - The decision is acted on,

Feedback - Data is recurved in response to the output,
This can be used for future decisions,
Can be Intrinsic Feedback or Kinaesthetic Feedback or Extrinsic Feedback.

Question 16

Intrinsic Feedback?

Answer 16

Information a performer receives from them selfs.

Question 17

Kinaesthetic Feedback?

Answer 17

Received by receptors in the muscles,

Physical sensations generated by movement.

Question 18

Extrinsic Feedback?

Answer 18

Information a performer received about their performance from outside them selfs,

This could be a coach.

Question 19

Four Types Of Guidance?

Answer 19

Visual,

Verbal,

Manual,

Mechanical.

Question 20

Visual Guidance?

Answer 20

Presented in a form that the performer can see,

Could be a live demonstration or film.

Question 21

Verbal Guidance?

Answer 21

When a coach describes how to perform a skill,

The performer hears the guidance.

Question 22

Manual Guidance?

Answer 22

Involves a coach physically moving a performer into correct pose or supporting them as they perform a skill.

Question 23

Mechanical Guidance?

Answer 23

Objects or aids are used to assist in the coaching process.

Question 24

Arousal?

Answer 24

A physical and mental state of alertness varying from deep sleep to intense excitement or alertness.

Question 25

Inverted U Theory?

Answer 25

Optimal performance occurs when a performer reaches optimal level of arousal,

You are more likely to perform at your best when you are at your optimal mental and physical state.

Question 26

Gross Movement Skills Linked To Arousal?

Answer 26

Requires high levels of Arousal,

Mind and body need to be alert to assure the body is ready to perform a strong skill.

Question 27

Fine Movement Skills Linked To Arousal?

Answer 27

Require low levels of arousal,

Mind and body need to be calm to assure that coordination and concentration are present to perform a small, precise skill.

Question 28

Stress Management Skills?

Answer 28

Deep Breathing - taking slow, deep breaths can calm breathing and increases oxygen supply to brain, helping to limit arousal caused by anxiety and stress,

Positive Self Talk - puts performers in a positive frame of mind and reduces arousal caused by stress,

Mental Rehearsal - cognitive technique which allows person to change the way they behave,
Rehearsing a successful performance.

Question 29

Direct Aggression?

Answer 29

Aggression aimed at another person,

Physical contact.

Question 30

Indirect Aggression?

Answer 30

An aggressive act on an object.

Question 31

Aggression?

Answer 31

A deliberate intent to harm or injure another person,

In sport, this can be physical or mental,

Include Direct and Indirect Aggression.

Question 32

Introvert?

Answer 32

A quiet, shy, passive and reserved personality type,

Normally do individual sports.

Question 33

Extrovert?

Answer 33

A sociable, active, talkative personality,

Usually do team sports.

Question 34

Intrinsic Motivation?

Answer 34

Motivation to succeed which comes from within.

Question 35

Extrinsic Motivation?

Answer 35

The drive to perform well or to win in order to gain external rewards,

This could be a trophy or certificate.

Question 36

Motivation?

Answer 36

Could be intrinsic or extrinsic,

The drive to succeed or deserve to achieve something.