Chapter 4: Recognizing objects

Question 1

What is bottom-up processing?

Answer 1

based on stimulus features

Question 2

What is top-down processing?

Answer 2

based on context/knowledge

Question 3

What is integrative agnosia?

Answer 3

Due to damage in the parietal lobe patients can detect features but cannot judge how features are bound together to make complex objects

Question 4

What are visual search tasks?

Answer 4

Tasks in which participants should examine a display and judge whether a target is present or not

Question 5

Is perception strict?

Answer 5

Perception is always a intrepretation (remembers h in the and a in cat from the slides) depending on bottom up and top down process.

Question 6

Define features

Answer 6

not raw input but result of higher organisation

Question 7

What is the word superiority effect?

Answer 7

more accurate and more efficient in recognizing letters if the letters appear within a word (or a word-like letter string) than they are in recognizing letters appearing in isolation.

Question 8

Why can the word superiority effect be explained by feature nets?

Answer 8

Systems for recognizing patterns that involve a network of detectors, with detectors for features as the initial layer in each system. This recognising is more accurate because bigram(context) is also taken into account.

Question 9

When you don’t have time to look at a input extensively, what happens?

Answer 9

Detectors with high activation will be ‘chosen’. This overrules actual input.

Question 10

On what basis have some feature/bigram etc detectors a higher activation ?

Answer 10

Frequency and recency

Question 11

Can people recognise recent/familiar stimuli quicker?

Answer 11

Yes

Question 12

What is the influence of well-formedness on the WSE?

Answer 12

Only when words are correctly spelled and the context is right WSE occurs, so not for gibberish not-like English words but yes for seemingly English words

Question 13

Considering feature nets, explain what activation level and response threshold are:

Answer 13

activation level: the level of activation of a given detector at the time
response threshold: point crossed by the activation level to initiate firing from detector

Question 14

What is the problem with people with prosopagnosia?

Answer 14

Can detect faces, but nog recognise individual faces

Question 15

What is the inversion effect?

Answer 15

upside-down stimuli are analysed as normal

Question 16

What is the holistic perception of the face?

Answer 16

Face’s overall configuration which is needed for face recognition rather than features

Question 17

How does recency and primacy effect feature nets?

Answer 17

Both recency and primacy make for higher levels of activation, thus only a weak signal makes the detector fire. The word will be more easily recognised/even with degraded input

Question 18

What are bigram detectors (feature nets)

Answer 18

detect letter pairs