Chapter 4: Molecular Compounds Flashcards
covalent bond
a bond formed by sharing electrons between atoms
molecule
a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds
bond length
the optimum distance between nuclei in a covalent bond
molecular compound
a compound that consists of molecules rather than ions
single bond
a covalent bond formed by sharing one electron pair
double bond
a coavalent bond formed by sharing two electron pairs
triple bond
a covalent bond formed by sharing three electron pairs
molecular formula
a formula that shows the numbers and kinds of atoms in one molecule of a compound
structural formula
a molecular representation that shows the connections among atoms by using lines to represent covalent bonds
lewis structure
a molecular representation that shows both the connections among atoms and the locations of lone-pair valence electrons
lone pair
a pair of electrons that is not used for bonding
condensed structure
a molecular representation in which bonds are not specifically shown but rather are understood by the order in which atoms are written
valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) model
a method for predicting molecular shape by noting how many electron charge clouds surround atoms and assuming that the clouds orient as far away from one another as possible
bond angle
the angle formed by three adjacent atoms in a molecule
regular tetrahedron
a geometric figure with four identical triangular faces
