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Chemistry > Chapter 1: Matter and Measurements > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Matter and Measurements Flashcards

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1
Q

solid

A

characterized by a definite shape and volume; shape is independent of a container; particles are held together quite rigidly; virtually incompressible

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2
Q

liquid

A

characterized by a definite volume, but not a definite shape; take the shape of the container; slightly compressible

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3
Q

gas

A

have no definite shape or volume; take the volume and shape of the container; particles are almost independent of each other; very compressible

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4
Q

substance

A

a specific kind of matter with a definite, fixed composition

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5
Q

element

A

consists of only one member of the periodic table

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6
Q

compound

A

consists of more than one member of the periodic table, combined together in a specific rate

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7
Q

mixture

A

a material made of two or more substances; a blend of substances, each retaining its chemical identity

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8
Q

heterogeneous mixture

A

easily distinguished by sight; non-uniform mixture with regions of different composition

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9
Q

homogeneous mixture

A

indistinguishable by sight; uniform mixture with the same composition throughout

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10
Q

physical change

A

substance remains unchanged; a change that doesn’t affect an object’s chemical make-up

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11
Q

chemical change

A

substance is transformed into a new substance; a change that alters a substance’s chemical make-up

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12
Q

aluminum

A

Al

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13
Q

argon

A

Ar

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14
Q

barium

A

Ba

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15
Q

bismuth

A

Bi

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16
Q

boron

A

B

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17
Q

bromine

A

Br

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18
Q

calcium

A

Ca

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19
Q

carbon

A

C

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20
Q

chlorine

A

Cl

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21
Q

cobalt

A

Co

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22
Q

fluorine

A

F

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23
Q

helium

A

He

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24
Q

hydrogen

A

H

25
Q

iodine

A

I

26
Q

lithium

A

Li

27
Q

magnesium

A

Mg

28
Q

manganese

A

Mn

29
Q

nickel

A

Ni

30
Q

nitrogen

A

N

31
Q

oxygen

A

O

32
Q

phosphorus

A

P

33
Q

platinum

A

Pt

34
Q

radon

A

Rn

35
Q

silicon

A

Si

36
Q

sulfur

A

S

37
Q

titanium

A

Ti

38
Q

zinc

A

Zn

39
Q

copper

A

Cu

40
Q

gold

A

Au

41
Q

iron

A

Fe

42
Q

lead

A

Pb

43
Q

mercury

A

Hg

44
Q

potassium

A

K

45
Q

silver

A

Ag

46
Q

sodium

A

Na

47
Q

tin

A

Sn

48
Q

metal

A

shiny; conduct heat and electricity; can mold and change their shape easily (malleable and ductile); have a high melting point and density

49
Q

nonmetal

A

dull; insulators; often brittle; cannot mold or change their shape easily; generally have low melting points and densities

50
Q

metalloid

A

has characteristics that are intermediate to both metals and nometals

51
Q

the scientific method

A

a complete and thorough process for conducting scientific research; consists of making observations, proposing a hypothesis, and testing the hypothesis

52
Q

theory

A

a currently accepted hypothesis that gives an overall explanation to some part of nature

53
Q

chemistry

A

the study of the nature, properties, and transformations of matter

54
Q

matter

A

anything physically real; anything with mass and volume

55
Q

property

A

a characteristic that describes or identifies something

56
Q

chemical reactivity

A

describes how matter behaves

57
Q

pure substance

A

uniform chemical composition throughout

58
Q

chemical compound

A

pure substance that can be broken down through chemical reactions

Chemistry (8 decks)

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