Chapter 4 - Modern Genetics

Question 0

Carrier

Answer 0

A person who has one recessive allele for a trait and one dominant allele, but does not have the trait.

Question 1

Sex-Linked Genes

Answer 1

A gene that is carried on the X or Y chromosome.

Question 2

Pedigree

Answer 2

A chart or “family tree” that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait.

Question 3

Genetic Disorder

Answer 3

An abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes.

Question 4

Karyotype

Answer 4

A picture of all the chromosomes in a cell arranged in pairs.

Question 5

Amniocentesis

Answer 5

A technique by which a small amount of the fluid that surrounds a baby is removed and analyzed to determine if the baby will have a genetic disorder.

Question 6

Selective Breeding

Answer 6

The process of selecting a few organisms with desired traits to serve as parents of the next generation.

Question 7

Inbreeding

Answer 7

A selective breeding method in which two individuals with identical or similar sets of alleles are crossed.

Question 8

Hybridization

Answer 8

Selective breeding method in which two genetically different individuals are crossed.

Question 9

Clone

Answer 9

An organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced.

Question 10

Genetic Engineering

Answer 10

The transfer of a gene from the DNA of one organism into another organism in order to produce an organism with desired traits.

Question 11

Genome

Answer 11

All the DNA in one cell of an organism.

Question 12

Gene Therapy

Answer 12

Inserting working copies of a gene directly into cells of a person with a genetic disorder.

Question 13

Genetic Counselor

Answer 13

A person who consults couples who want to have a child, but want to know the possibility of the child inheriting a disorder.

Question 14

Multiple Alleles

Answer 14

Three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait.