Chapter 4: Listening

Question 1

the active process of receiving, attending to, interpreting, and responding to symbolic activity.

Answer 1

Listening

Question 2

the first step of the listening process, receiving sensory stimuli as sound waves travel from the source of the sound to your eardrums.

Answer 2

Receiving

Question 3

to stimuli, the second step, occurs when you perceive and focus on stimuli.

Answer 3

Attending

Question 4

third step of listening, assign meanings to sounds and symbolic activity

Answer 4

Interpreting

Question 5

an additional step, essentially your reaction to the message or communication of another person.

Answer 5

Responding

Question 6

summarizing what another person has said in your own words to convey your understanding of the message.

Answer 6

Reflecting

Question 7

making a personal relational connection with the source of a message that results from the source and the receiver actively working together to create shared meaning and understanding.

Answer 7

Engaged listening

Question 8

Not displaying any warmth and understanding like used in engaged listening.

Answer 8

Disengaged listening

Question 9

involves recognizing, understanding, and addressing the interconnection of relationships and communication.

Answer 9

Relational listening

Question 10

These distractions result from the physical location where listening takes place.

Answer 10

environmental

Question 11

result from limitations or problems inherent in certain media and technology, such as mobile phones or internet connections.

Answer 11

Medium distractions

Question 12

result from auditory and visual characteristics of the message source.

Answer 12

Source

Question 13

this diversion occurs when so much emphasis is placed on attending to every detail of message that the main point becomes lost.

Answer 13

factual

Question 14

takes place when people are distracted by words or phrases used in a message through negative response or unfamiliarity.

Answer 14

Semantic

Question 15

occurs when people focus on the content level of meaning or literal meaning rather than the social or relational levels of meaning.

Answer 15

Content

Question 16

occurs when people focus on the points of a message that correspond with their views and interests and pay less attention to those that do not.

Answer 16

Egocentric listening

Question 17

occur when you daydream or think about other things than the message being presented.

Answer 17

Wandering thoughts

Question 18

takes place when people fail to fully listen to someone else because they believe that they possess more or superior knowledge and experience than the other person.

Answer 18

Experimental superiority

Question 19

becomes an obstacle to listening when a person finds a message so complex or confusing that he or she stops listening.

Answer 19

Message complexity

Question 20

becomes an obstacle to listening when previous encounters with the message source lead people to ignore the message.

Answer 20

Past experience with the source

Question 21

also impacts the extent to which you critically engage a message.

Answer 21

status of the source

Question 22

those that appear legitimate but are actually based on faulty reasoning or insufficient evidence.

Answer 22

Fallacious arguements

Question 23

happens when a person’s authority or credibility in one area is used to support another.

Answer 23

appeal to authority

Question 24

claims that something is good or beneficial because everyone else agrees with this evaluation.

Answer 24

Bandwagon appeal

Question 25

occurs when relationships are used to justify certain behaviors and convince others of their appropriateness.

Answer 25

Appeal to relationships

Question 26

argues that something is caused by whatever happens before it.

Answer 26

post hoc ergo propter hoc

Question 27

argues that if one thing happens at the same time as another it was caused by the thing which it coincides.

Answer 27

cum hoc ergo propter hoc

Question 28

arises when a conclusion is based on a single occurrence or insufficient data or sample size.

Answer 28

hasty generalization

Question 29

describes the use of another issue to divert attention away from the real issue.

Answer 29

red herring

Question 30

occur when only two options are provided one of which is generally presented as the poor choice or one that should be avoided.

Answer 30

false alternatives

Question 31

argues that the parts are the same as the whole.

Answer 31

composition fallacy

Question 32

argues the whole is the same as the parts

Answer 32

division fallacy

Question 33

relies on the ambiguousness of language to make an argument.

Answer 33

equivocation